在Python中从JSON数据创建列表和字典

Question

我正在写一个脚本，通过REST接口收集一些库存数据。然后我想对这些数据进行筛选，创建一个列表和两个字典，以便在我的脚本其他地方使用。

比如，从这个数据：

{'version': '0.0'
 'response': [{'chassisType': 'C800',
           'family': 'C897VA-K9',
           'hostname': 'chaney-xtr',
           'imageName': 'c800-universalk9-mz.SPA.154-2.T.bin',
           'interfaceCount': '10',
           'lastUpdated': '2014-06-03 01:39:19.855491-07',
           'lineCardId': 'e5bddd56-2194-4b83-8ae5-597893800051',
           'macAddress': '88:5A:92:A4:E7:C8',
           'managementIpAddress': '192.168.2.1',
           'memorySize': '988236K/60339K',
           'networkDeviceId': 'e15789bd-47df-4df9-809f-daf81d15ff2a',
           'numUpdates': 1,
           'platformId': 'C897VA-K9',
           'portRange': 'ATM0, ATM0.1, BRI0, BRI0:1-2, Dialer1, Ethernet0, GigabitEthernet0-8, LISP0, Loopback0-1, NVI0, Virtual-Access1, Virtual-Template1, Vlan1',
           'role': 'Unknown',
           'roleSource': 'auto',
           'serialNumber': 'FGL175124DX',
           'softwareVersion': '15.4(2)T',
           'type': 'UNKNOWN',
           'upTime': '2 weeks, 3 days, 18 hours, 2 minutes',
           'vendor': 'Cisco'},
          {'chassisType': 'C800',
           'family': 'C897VA-K9',
           'hostname': 'chaney-xtr2',
           'imageName': 'c800-universalk9-mz.SPA.154-2.T.bin',
           'interfaceCount': '10',
           'lastUpdated': '2014-06-03 01:39:19.855491-07',
           'lineCardId': 'e5bddd56-2194-4b83-8ae5-597893800051',
           'macAddress': '88:5A:92:A4:E7:C8',
           'managementIpAddress': '192.168.2.2',
           'memorySize': '988236K/60339K',
           'networkDeviceId': 'e15789bd-47df-4df9-809f-daf81d15ff2a',
           'numUpdates': 1,
           'platformId': 'C897VA-K9',
           'portRange': 'ATM0, ATM0.1, BRI0, BRI0:1-2, Dialer1, Ethernet0, GigabitEthernet0-8, LISP0, Loopback0-1, NVI0, Virtual-Access1, Virtual-Template1, Vlan1',
           'role': 'Unknown',
           'roleSource': 'auto',
           'serialNumber': 'XGL175124D3',
           'softwareVersion': '15.4(2)T',
           'type': 'UNKNOWN',
           'upTime': '2 weeks, 3 days, 18 hours, 2 minutes',
           'vendor': 'Cisco'}],
 }

在这里，"platformId" = "C897VA-K9"，我想从managementIpAddress中提取出一个IP地址的列表。

同时，我还想用IP地址作为键，创建两个字典。

dict1 = {"managementIpAddress": "hostname"}
dict2 = {"managementIpAddress": "platformId"}

你会怎么做呢？

祝好，

瑞安

Answer 1

你可以先解析一下json数据，然后加一些if和else的判断，看看哪些数据是需要的；接着用eval语句来生成一个字典。

Answer 2

from_this = {"version":"0.0","response":[{"macAddress":"88:5A:92:A4:E7:C8","networkDeviceId":"e15789bd-47df-4df9-809f-daf81d15ff2a","lineCardId":"e5bddd56-2194-4b83-8ae5-597893800051","lastUpdated":"2014-06-03 01:39:19.855491-07","platformId":"C897VA-K9","vendor":"Cisco","numUpdates":1,"interfaceCount":"10","portRange":"ATM0, ATM0.1, BRI0, BRI0:1-2, Dialer1, Ethernet0, GigabitEthernet0-8, LISP0, Loopback0-1, NVI0, Virtual-Access1, Virtual-Template1, Vlan1","roleSource":"auto","chassisType":"C800","softwareVersion":"15.4(2)T","upTime":"2 weeks, 3 days, 18 hours, 2 minutes","imageName":"c800-universalk9-mz.SPA.154-2.T.bin","memorySize":"988236K/60339K","managementIpAddress":"192.168.2.1","family":"C897VA-K9","type":"UNKNOWN","serialNumber":"FGL175124DX","role":"Unknown","hostname":"chaney-xtr"}, {"macAddress":"88:5A:92:A4:E7:C8","networkDeviceId":"e15789bd-47df-4df9-809f-daf81d15ff2a","lineCardId":"e5bddd56-2194-4b83-8ae5-597893800051","lastUpdated":"2014-06-03 01:39:19.855491-07","platformId":"C897VA-K9","vendor":"Cisco","numUpdates":1,"interfaceCount":"10","portRange":"ATM0, ATM0.1, BRI0, BRI0:1-2, Dialer1, Ethernet0, GigabitEthernet0-8, LISP0, Loopback0-1, NVI0, Virtual-Access1, Virtual-Template1, Vlan1","roleSource":"auto","chassisType":"C800","softwareVersion":"15.4(2)T","upTime":"2 weeks, 3 days, 18 hours, 2 minutes","imageName":"c800-universalk9-mz.SPA.154-2.T.bin","memorySize":"988236K/60339K","managementIpAddress":"192.168.2.2","family":"C897VA-K9","type":"UNKNOWN","serialNumber":"XGL175124D3","role":"Unknown","hostname":"chaney-xtr2"}]}

dict1 = {}
dict2 = {}

for response_item in from_this['response']:
    dict1[response_item['managementIpAddress']] = response_item['hostname']
    dict2[response_item['managementIpAddress']] = response_item['platformId']

输出的结果是这样的：

In[189]: dict1
Out[187]: {'192.168.2.1': 'chaney-xtr', '192.168.2.2': 'chaney-xtr2'}
In[190]: dict2
Out[188]: {'192.168.2.1': 'C897VA-K9', '192.168.2.2': 'C897VA-K9'}

如果这正是你想要的，随时告诉我你有什么问题。