Python Eclipse 类型转换智能提示解决方案

Question

假设我有下面这两个类。

class TopClass:
    def __init__(self):
        self.items = []
class ItemClass:
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = None

我想用它们的方式如下：

def do_something():
    myTop = TopClass()
    # create two items
    item1 = ItemClass()
    item1.name = "Tony"
    item2 = ItemClass()
    item2.name = "Mike"
    # add these to top class
    myTop.items.append(item1)
    myTop.items.append(item2)
    # up until this point, access class members is effortless as the 
    # IDE (Eclipse) automatically recognizes the type of the object
    # and can interpret the correct member variables. -- Awesome!

    # now let's try and do a for loop
    for myItem in myTop.items:
        myItem.name # <- I HAD TO TYPE the ".name" IN MANUALLY, 
                    # THIS IS ANNOYING, I could have misspelled
                    # something and not found out until
                    # I actually ran the script.

    # Hacky way of making this easier
    myItemT = ItemClass()
    for myItemT in myTop.items:
        myItemT.name = "bob" # <- Woah, it automatically filled in the
                            # ".name" part. This is nice, but I have the
                            # dummy line just above that is serving absolutely
                            # no purpose other than giving the
                            # Eclipse intellisense input.

对于上面的内容，有什么看法吗？有没有更好的方法来实现这个？

Answer 1

问题1：你可以在__init__里传递参数。

class ItemClass:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

item1 = ItemClass("tony") # this is better

问题2：让编辑器为你服务，而不是为了编辑器去调整你的代码结构。

    myItemT = ItemClass() # this is misleading !!

    # myItemT here is not same as above. What is some one changes this to x? 
    for myItemT in myTop.items: 
        .....

这样做可能会在后面造成问题，因为不同的错误，编辑器可能帮不了你。

myItemT = ItemClass()
for myItemT in myTop.items: 
    do_something_with myItemT ...
# an indentation mistake
# This myItemT refers to the one outside for block
do_anotherthing_with myItemT ...  

Answer 2

我可能拼错了什么，直到我真正运行脚本时才发现。

这种想法太短视了，也不正确。

你可能拼错了什么，直到你因为没有进行单元测试而遭遇诉讼时才发现。

“真正运行脚本”并不是你发现自己做对了的时刻。

在输入代码时，不管有没有Eclipse的智能提示，都不是发现问题的时候。

运行脚本也不是发现问题的时候。

单元测试才是发现问题的时候。

请停止依赖Eclipse的智能提示。请开始进行单元测试。

Answer 3

IntelliSense 就是一个智能提示工具，但它并不能完全知道你想要什么。想象一下这段代码：

class Foo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = None

class Bar(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.blub = None

bar1 = Bar()
bar2 = Bar()
bar1.blub = 'joe'
bar2.blub = 'jim'

items = [bar1, bar2]

each = Foo()
for each in items:
    each.name = 'Wha?' # here Eclipse also filled in the name attribute,
                       # although each is never a Foo in this loop.
                       # And funny, this is perfectly valid Python.
                       # All items now have a name attribute, despite being Bars.