结合Flask-restless、Flask-security和普通Python请求

Question

我的目标是为我的网页应用提供一个REST API。使用的技术有：

Python 2.7.5
Flask==0.10.1
Flask-Restless==0.13.1
Flask-Security==1.7.3

我需要保护我的数据，确保网页和REST访问的安全性。不过，我在尝试连接到受保护的API时，发现普通的Python request请求都无法成功。

以下是使用这个问题最后提供的完整模块得到的输出结果。

当我使用 http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/v1/free_stuff 时，得到了正确的答案：

>>> import requests
>>> r=requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/v1/free_stuff')
>>> print 'status:', r.status_code
status: 200  # all is fine

但是当我尝试用 http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/v1/protected_stuff 进行身份验证时：

>>> from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth, HTTPDigestAuth
>>> r=requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/v1/protected_stuff', 
                   auth=HTTPBasicAuth('test', 'test')) #  the same with ``HTTPDigestAuth``
>>> print 'status:', r.status_code
status: 401
>>> r.json()  # failed!
{u'message': u'401: Unauthorized'}

这里是一个简单的功能模块，用来产生上面的结果：

from flask import Flask, render_template, url_for, redirect
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask.ext.security import Security, SQLAlchemyUserDatastore, \
    UserMixin, RoleMixin, login_required, current_user
from flask.ext.restless import APIManager
from flask.ext.restless import ProcessingException

# Create app
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['DEBUG'] = True
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'super-secret'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite://'

# Create database connection object
db = SQLAlchemy(app)

# Define Flask-security models
roles_users = db.Table('roles_users',
        db.Column('user_id', db.Integer(), db.ForeignKey('user.id')),
        db.Column('role_id', db.Integer(), db.ForeignKey('role.id')))

class Role(db.Model, RoleMixin):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer(), primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True)
    description = db.Column(db.String(255))

class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(255), unique=True)
    password = db.Column(db.String(255))
    active = db.Column(db.Boolean())
    confirmed_at = db.Column(db.DateTime())
    roles = db.relationship('Role', secondary=roles_users,
                            backref=db.backref('users', lazy='dynamic'))
#Some additional stuff to query over...
class SomeStuff(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'somestuff'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    data1 = db.Column(db.Integer)
    data2 = db.Column(db.String(10))
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=True)
    user = db.relationship(User, lazy='joined', join_depth=1, viewonly=True)

# Setup Flask-Security
user_datastore = SQLAlchemyUserDatastore(db, User, Role)
security = Security(app, user_datastore)

# API
def auth_func(**kw):
    #import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    if not current_user.is_authenticated():
        raise ProcessingException(description='Not authenticated!',
                code=401)
    return True
apimanager = APIManager(app, flask_sqlalchemy_db=db)

apimanager.create_api(SomeStuff,
    methods=['GET', 'POST', 'DELETE', 'PUT'],
    url_prefix='/api/v1',
    collection_name='free_stuff',
    include_columns=['data1', 'data2', 'user_id'])

apimanager.create_api(SomeStuff,
    methods=['GET', 'POST', 'DELETE', 'PUT'],
    url_prefix='/api/v1',
    preprocessors=dict(GET_SINGLE=[auth_func], GET_MANY=[auth_func]),
    collection_name='protected_stuff',
    include_columns=['data1', 'data2', 'user_id'])

# Create a user to test with
@app.before_first_request
def create_user():
    db.create_all()
    user_datastore.create_user(email='test', password='test')
    user_datastore.create_user(email='test2', password='test2')
    ###
    stuff = SomeStuff(data1=2, data2='toto', user_id=1)
    db.session.add(stuff)
    stuff = SomeStuff(data1=5, data2='titi', user_id=1)
    db.session.add(stuff)
    db.session.commit()

# Views
@app.route('/')
@login_required
def home():
    return render_template('index.html')

@app.route('/logout/')
def log_out():
    logout_user()
    return redirect(request.args.get('next') or '/')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

有什么想法吗？

[编辑] 为了通过网页界面完全功能化，你需要有一个 templates 子文件夹，里面至少要有一个 login.html 文件：

{% block body %}
  <form action="" method=post class="form-horizontal">
    <h2>Signin to FlaskLogin(Todo) Application </h2>
    <div class="control-group">
        <div class="controls">
          <input type="text" id="username" name="username" class="input-xlarge"
            placeholder="Enter Username" required>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="control-group">
        <div class="controls">
          <input type="password" id="password" name="password" class="input-xlarge"
            placeholder="Enter Password" required>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="control-group">
        <div class="controls">
          <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Signin</button>
        </div>
    </div>  
  </form>
{% endblock %}

安全性身份验证 rest api web 应用 flask 数据保护 flask-security flask-restless

结合Flask-restless、Flask-security和普通Python请求

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