测试模型表单时出错

Question

我目前正在为我的Django webapp编写单元测试，遇到了一个绊脚石。你知道吗

我的型号：

class Employment(models.Model):
    applicant = models.ForeignKey(Applicant)
    company = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    town = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    salary = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    job_title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    responsibilities = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    date_from = models.DateField('Date From')
    date_to = models.DateField('Date To')
    reason_for_leaving = models.CharField(max_length=50)

我的表格：

class EmploymentForm(forms.ModelForm):
    error_css_class = 'error'   #set some css when an error
    company = forms.CharField(label="Company/Agency")
    town = forms.CharField(label="Town/City")
    salary = forms.CharField(label="Salary/Pay rate")
    date_from = forms.DateField(('%d/%m/%Y',), widget=forms.DateInput(format='%d/%m/%Y', attrs={'placeholder':'dd/mm/yyyy'}))
    date_to = forms.DateField(('%d/%m/%Y',), widget=forms.DateInput(format='%d/%m/%Y', attrs={'placeholder':'dd/mm/yyyy'}))
    class Meta:
            model = Employment

我的测试：

"""
Complete employment form passes validation
"""
def test_employment_form_complete(self):
    applicant = Applicant(job_id=1)
    data = {
    'company': 'test company',
    'town': 'test town',
    'salary': '1000000',
    'job_title': 'test job name',
    'responsibilities': 'test responsibilities',
    'date_from': '01/01/1990',
    'date_to': '01/02/1991',
    'reason_for_leaving': 'test reason for leaving'
    }
    employment_form = EmploymentForm(instance=applicant, data=data)
    result = employment_form.is_valid()
    print "errors %s" % employment_form.errors
    self.assertEqual(result, True)

如果我像这样运行测试，我会得到：

<ul class="errorlist"><li>applicant<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></li></ul>

如果我加上：

'applicant': applicant

对于我的数据对象，它抱怨它必须是int

如果我加上：

'applicant': 1

（或其他整数）

它返回：

<ul class="errorlist"><li>applicant<ul class="errorlist"><li>Select a valid choice. That choice is not one of the available choices.</li></ul></li></ul>

这是可以理解的。你知道吗

我怎么才能避开这个？最好的做法是什么？你知道吗

谨致问候

克里斯。你知道吗

Answer 1

我想你应该打电话申请人.保存（）

您创建了新对象，但没有将其保存到数据库中。在测试django时创建“临时”数据库。你知道吗

同时添加到数据字典“申请人”：1。你知道吗

请确保申请人对象将创建外键=1！！你知道吗

完全有效的代码。你知道吗

def test_employment_form_complete(self):
        """
        Complete employment form passes validation
        """
        applicant = Applicant(job_id=1)
        applicant.save()
        data = {
            'applicant': 1,
        'company': 'test company',
        'town': 'test town',
        'salary': '1000000',
        'job_title': 'test job name',
        'responsibilities': 'test responsibilities',
        'date_from': '01/01/1990',
        'date_to': '01/02/1991',
        'reason_for_leaving': 'test reason for leaving'
        }
        employment_form = EmploymentForm(instance=applicant, data=data)
        result = employment_form.is_valid()
        print "errors %s" % employment_form.errors
        self.assertEqual(result, True)