在Python中，如何按三列的特定顺序对文本文件进行排序？

Question

在Python中，如何按三列的特定顺序对文本文件进行排序？你知道吗

我的文本文件采用以下格式，列之间有空格：

Team_Name Team_Mascot Team_Color Team_Hometown Number_of_Wins Team_Coach

示例：

Bears LittleBear Blue Beartown 15 BigBear

我想先按球队的颜色排序，然后按球队的家乡排序，最后按球队获胜的次数排序。你知道吗

因此，属性：

Bears Blue Beartown 15 Coach1
Bears Red  Dogtown 30 Coach6
Bears Blue Cattown 15 Coach2
Bears Red  Beartown 15 Coach4
Bears Blue Cattown 17 Coach3
Bears Red  Dogtown 9 Coach5

我的预期输出是一个已排序的文本文件：

Bears Blue Beartown 15 Coach1
Bears Blue Cattown 15 Coach2
Bears Blue Cattown 17 Coach3
Bears Red  Beartown 15 Coach4
Bears Red  Dogtown 9 Coach5
Bears Red  Dogtown 30 Coach6

我曾考虑过使用lambda，但没有一个值是元组 https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/controlflow.html

我看过以前的StackOverflow问题，但大多数问题都是使用lambda、tuple或其他方法对最多两列进行排序

Answer 1

您可以使用itemgetter模块中的operator来完成：

from operator import itemgetter

def showList(inList):
    for i in inList:
        print(i)

lines = []

with open("test.txt", "r") as infile:
    lines = [i.split() for i in infile.readlines()]
    lines = [[int(j) if j.isdigit() else j for j in i] for i in lines]
    showList(lines)
    lines = sorted(lines, key=itemgetter(1,2,3))
    print()
    showList(lines)

with open("output.txt", "w") as outfile:
    for line in lines:
        outfile.write(" ".join(str(i) for i in line) + "\n")

输出（使用showList）：

['Bears', 'Blue', 'Beartown', 15, 'Coach1']
['Bears', 'Red', 'Dogtown', 30, 'Coach6']
['Bears', 'Blue', 'Cattown', 15, 'Coach2']
['Bears', 'Red', 'Beartown', 15, 'Coach4']
['Bears', 'Blue', 'Cattown', 17, 'Coach3']
['Bears', 'Red', 'Dogtown', 9, 'Coach5']

['Bears', 'Blue', 'Beartown', 15, 'Coach1']
['Bears', 'Blue', 'Cattown', 15, 'Coach2']
['Bears', 'Blue', 'Cattown', 17, 'Coach3']
['Bears', 'Red', 'Beartown', 15, 'Coach4']
['Bears', 'Red', 'Dogtown', 9, 'Coach5']
['Bears', 'Red', 'Dogtown', 30, 'Coach6']

新文件中的输出格式：

Bears Blue Beartown 15 Coach1
Bears Blue Cattown 15 Coach2
Bears Blue Cattown 17 Coach3
Bears Red Beartown 15 Coach4
Bears Red Dogtown 9 Coach5
Bears Red Dogtown 30 Coach6

Answer 2

你的问题仍然模棱两可。您的示例没有在标题中引入第一个field Team\u名称。所以这里的索引可能偏离了1，但我认为你得到了一个概念：

#read lines of text file and split into words
lines = [line.split() for line in open("test.txt", "r")]
#sort lines for different columns, numbers converted into integers to prevent lexicographical sorting
lines.sort(key = lambda x: (x[1], x[2], int(x[3])))
#writing the sorted list into another file
with open("new_test.txt", "w") as f:
    for item in lines:
        f.write(" ".join(item) + "\n")