<p>这是一个正弦函数,它是一个拟合函数scipy.optimize公司微分进化遗传算法模块,用于确定曲线拟合非线性求解器的初始参数估计。scipy模块使用拉丁超立方体算法来确保对需要搜索范围的参数空间进行彻底搜索。在本例中,这些界限取自数据的最大值和最小值。在</p>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/M0vDw.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/M0vDw.png" alt="plot3"/></a></p>
<pre><code>import numpy, scipy, matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit
from scipy.optimize import differential_evolution
import warnings
r = numpy.array([100.09061214, 100.17932773, 100.45526772, 102.27891728,
113.12440802, 119.30644014, 119.86570527, 119.75184665,
117.12160143, 101.55081608, 100.07280857, 100.12880236,
100.39251753, 103.05404178, 117.15257288, 119.74048706,
119.86955437, 119.37452005, 112.83384329, 101.0507198 ,
100.05521567])
z = numpy.array([-407.90074345, -360.38004677, -312.99221012, -266.36934609,
-224.36240585, -188.55933945, -155.21242348, -122.02778866,
-87.84335638, -47.0274899 , 0. , 47.54559191,
94.97469981, 141.33801462, 181.59490575, 215.77219256,
248.95956379, 282.28027286, 318.16440024, 360.7246922 ,
407.940799 ])
# rename data to match previous example code
xData = z
yData = r
def func (x, amplitude, center, width, offset): # equation sine[radians] + offset from zunzun.com
return amplitude * numpy.sin(numpy.pi * (x - center) / width) + offset
# function for genetic algorithm to minimize (sum of squared error)
def sumOfSquaredError(parameterTuple):
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore") # do not print warnings by genetic algorithm
val = func(xData, *parameterTuple)
return numpy.sum((yData - val) ** 2.0)
def generate_Initial_Parameters():
# min and max used for bounds
maxX = max(xData)
minX = min(xData)
maxY = max(yData)
minY = min(yData)
diffY = maxY - minY
diffX = maxX - minX
parameterBounds = []
parameterBounds.append([0.0, diffY]) # search bounds for amplitude
parameterBounds.append([minX, maxX]) # search bounds for center
parameterBounds.append([0.0, diffX]) # search bounds for width
parameterBounds.append([minY, maxY]) # search bounds for offset
# "seed" the numpy random number generator for repeatable results
result = differential_evolution(sumOfSquaredError, parameterBounds, seed=3)
return result.x
# by default, differential_evolution completes by calling curve_fit() using parameter bounds
geneticParameters = generate_Initial_Parameters()
# now call curve_fit without passing bounds from the genetic algorithm,
# just in case the best fit parameters are aoutside those bounds
fittedParameters, pcov = curve_fit(func, xData, yData, geneticParameters)
print('Fitted parameters:', fittedParameters)
print()
modelPredictions = func(xData, *fittedParameters)
absError = modelPredictions - yData
SE = numpy.square(absError) # squared errors
MSE = numpy.mean(SE) # mean squared errors
RMSE = numpy.sqrt(MSE) # Root Mean Squared Error, RMSE
Rsquared = 1.0 - (numpy.var(absError) / numpy.var(yData))
print()
print('RMSE:', RMSE)
print('R-squared:', Rsquared)
print()
##########################################################
# graphics output section
def ModelAndScatterPlot(graphWidth, graphHeight):
f = plt.figure(figsize=(graphWidth/100.0, graphHeight/100.0), dpi=100)
axes = f.add_subplot(111)
# first the raw data as a scatter plot
axes.plot(xData, yData, 'D')
# create data for the fitted equation plot
xModel = numpy.linspace(min(xData), max(xData))
yModel = func(xModel, *fittedParameters)
# now the model as a line plot
axes.plot(xModel, yModel)
axes.set_xlabel('X Data') # X axis data label
axes.set_ylabel('Y Data') # Y axis data label
plt.show()
plt.close('all') # clean up after using pyplot
graphWidth = 800
graphHeight = 600
ModelAndScatterPlot(graphWidth, graphHeight)
</code></pre>