如何使用PyAudi选择特定的输入设备

Question

通过PyAudio录制音频时，如何指定要使用的确切输入设备？

我的电脑有两个麦克风，一个内置，一个通过USB，我想用USB麦克风录音。Stream class有一个用于选择设备的input_device_index，但是不清楚这个索引如何与设备相关。例如，如何知道设备索引0所指的是哪个设备？如果我不得不猜测，我会说0表示内置设备，而1表示USB设备，但我想找到一些程序化的方法来确认这一点。在Linux上，有没有办法得到这些索引和它们所引用的设备的列表？

Answer 1

我不知道PyAudio，但是对于sounddevice模块，它是这样的：

python3 -m sounddevice

Answer 2

您可以使用： 按主机api设备索引获取设备信息。 例如：

import pyaudio
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
info = p.get_host_api_info_by_index(0)
numdevices = info.get('deviceCount')
for i in range(0, numdevices):
        if (p.get_device_info_by_host_api_device_index(0, i).get('maxInputChannels')) > 0:
            print "Input Device id ", i, " - ", p.get_device_info_by_host_api_device_index(0, i).get('name')

Answer 3

我没有看过pyaudio，但我也在少数情况下使用过sounddevice。

下面是一个示例代码，列出了可用的input和outputaudio devices。

import sounddevice as sd
print sd.query_devices() 

从下面的输出中可以看到，当我将耳机插入麦克风插孔时，Index 1可用作输入。 1 Jack Mic (IDT High Definition A, MME (2 in, 0 out)

而默认的笔记本电脑音频麦克风显示为index 2

2 Microphone Array (IDT High Defi, MME (2 in, 0 out)

输出

Python 2.7.9 (default, Dec 10 2014, 12:24:55) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>> 
   0 Microsoft Sound Mapper - Input, MME (2 in, 0 out)
>  1 Jack Mic (IDT High Definition A, MME (2 in, 0 out)
   2 Microphone Array (IDT High Defi, MME (2 in, 0 out)
   3 Microsoft Sound Mapper - Output, MME (0 in, 2 out)
<  4 Speakers / Headphones (IDT High, MME (0 in, 2 out)
   5 Communication Headphones (IDT H, MME (0 in, 2 out)
   6 Primary Sound Capture Driver, Windows DirectSound (2 in, 0 out)
   7 Jack Mic (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows DirectSound (2 in, 0 out)
   8 Microphone Array (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows DirectSound (2 in, 0 out)
   9 Primary Sound Driver, Windows DirectSound (0 in, 2 out)
  10 Speakers / Headphones (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows DirectSound (0 in, 2 out)
  11 Communication Headphones (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows DirectSound (0 in, 2 out)
  12 Communication Headphones (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows WASAPI (0 in, 2 out)
  13 Speakers / Headphones (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows WASAPI (0 in, 2 out)
  14 Jack Mic (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows WASAPI (2 in, 0 out)
  15 Microphone Array (IDT High Definition Audio CODEC), Windows WASAPI (2 in, 0 out)
  16 Headset Microphone (Bluetooth Hands-free Audio), Windows WDM-KS (1 in, 0 out)
  17 Headphones (Bluetooth Hands-free Audio), Windows WDM-KS (0 in, 2 out)
  18 Headphones (HpOut), Windows WDM-KS (0 in, 2 out)
  19 Microphone Array (MicIn2), Windows WDM-KS (2 in, 0 out)
  20 Jack Mic (MuxedIn), Windows WDM-KS (2 in, 0 out)
  21 Dock Mic (MuxedIn), Windows WDM-KS (2 in, 0 out)
  22 Rec. Playback (MuxedIn), Windows WDM-KS (2 in, 0 out)
  23 Speakers (Speaker/HP), Windows WDM-KS (0 in, 2 out)