MacOS：使用python捕获特定窗口的屏幕截图

Question

我正在使用MSS捕捉我的屏幕截图。 （因为它可以捕获更快的屏幕截图）

但我不知道如何在Mac中捕获特定的窗口，我知道他们有针对Windows用户的win32。。。 他们的代码，我现在只是一个不断循环捕捉我的主显示器

main.py：

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
from time import time
from mss import mss


def window_capture():
    loop_time = time()

    with mss() as sct:
        monitor = {"top": 40, "left": 0, "width": 800, "height": 600}

        while(True):

            screenshot = np.array(sct.grab(monitor))
            screenshot = cv.cvtColor(screenshot, cv.COLOR_RGB2BGR)

            cv.imshow('Computer Vision', screenshot)

            print('FPS {}'.format(1 / (time() - loop_time)))
            loop_time = time()

            if cv.waitKey(1) == ord('q'):
                cv.destroyAllWindows()
                break


window_capture()

print('Done.')

Answer 1

如果要打开Chrome浏览器，则可以使用Python内置包webbrowser。您需要提供Chrome应用程序的路径，例如：webbrowser.get('open -a /Applications/Google\ Chrome.app %s').open('http://docs.python.org/')

一旦浏览器打开，应用程序的位置将是它停止的位置。MSS不允许您选择应用程序。相反，您可以获取整个屏幕或设置的位置（如您指定的monitor = {"top": 40, "left": 0, "width": 800, "height": 600}）。因此，您可能希望强制浏览器全屏显示。这可以通过使用pyautogui包输入热键来实现

import webbrowser
import pyautogui

def openApp(url, appPath):
    webbrowser.get(appPath).open(url)

def fullScreen():    
    pyautogui.hotkey('command', 'ctrl', 'f') # hotKeys for full screen mode in MacOS

url = 'http://docs.python.org/'    
appPath = 'open -a /Applications/Google\ Chrome.app %s' #MacOS
#appPath = 'C:/Program Files (x86)/Google/Chrome/Application/chrome.exe %s' # Windows
#appPath = ' /usr/bin/google-chrome %s' #Linux
openApp(url, appPath)
fullScreen()
# here you can add logic to take screenshots

（注意：我只在Windows上测试过这一点，但在MacOS上应该可以工作）

Answer 2

我写了下面一段ObjectiveC，它获取macOS中所有窗口的名称、所有者、窗口id和屏幕位置。我将其保存为windowlist.m，并使用文件顶部注释中的命令进行编译：

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// windowlist.m
// Mark Setchell
//
// Get list of windows with their characteristics
//
// Compile with:
// clang windowlist.m -o windowlist -framework coregraphics -framework cocoa
//
// Run with:
// ./windowlist
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
#include <CoreGraphics/CGWindow.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   NSArray *windows = (NSArray *)CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly,kCGNullWindowID);
   for(NSDictionary *window in windows){
      int WindowNum = [[window objectForKey:(NSString *)kCGWindowNumber] intValue];
      NSString* OwnerName = [window objectForKey:(NSString *)kCGWindowOwnerName];
      int OwnerPID = [[window objectForKey:(NSString *) kCGWindowOwnerPID] intValue];
      NSString* WindowName= [window objectForKey:(NSString *)kCGWindowName];
      CFDictionaryRef bounds = (CFDictionaryRef)[window objectForKey:(NSString *)kCGWindowBounds];
      CGRect rect;
      CGRectMakeWithDictionaryRepresentation(bounds,&rect);
      printf("%s:%s:%d:%d:%f,%f,%f,%f\n",[OwnerName UTF8String],[WindowName UTF8String],WindowNum,OwnerPID,rect.origin.x,rect.origin.y,rect.size.height,rect.size.width);
   }
}

它给出如下输出，其中每行的最后4项是窗口左上角、高度和宽度。您可以使用Python的subprocess.Popen()按原样运行此程序，并获取窗口列表，也可以使用PyObjcPython模块将其转换为Python：

Location Menu:Item-0:4881:1886:1043.000000,0.000000,22.000000,28.000000
Backup and sync from Google:Item-0:1214:8771:1071.000000,0.000000,22.000000,30.000000
Dropbox:Item-0:451:1924:1101.000000,0.000000,22.000000,28.000000
NordVPN IKE:Item-0:447:1966:1129.000000,0.000000,22.000000,26.000000
PromiseUtilityDaemon:Item-0:395:1918:1155.000000,0.000000,22.000000,24.000000
SystemUIServer:AppleTimeMachineExtra:415:1836:1179.000000,0.000000,22.000000,40.000000
SystemUIServer:AppleBluetoothExtra:423:1836:1219.000000,0.000000,22.000000,30.000000
SystemUIServer:AirPortExtra:409:1836:1249.000000,0.000000,22.000000,30.000000
SystemUIServer:AppleVolumeExtra:427:1836:1279.000000,0.000000,22.000000,30.000000
SystemUIServer:BatteryExtra:405:1836:1309.000000,0.000000,22.000000,67.000000
SystemUIServer:AppleClockExtra:401:1836:1376.000000,0.000000,22.000000,123.000000
SystemUIServer:AppleUser:419:1836:1499.000000,0.000000,22.000000,99.000000
Spotlight:Item-0:432:1922:1598.000000,0.000000,22.000000,36.000000
SystemUIServer:NotificationCenter:391:1836:1634.000000,0.000000,22.000000,46.000000
Window Server:Menubar:353:253:0.000000,0.000000,22.000000,1680.000000
Dock:Dock:387:1835:0.000000,0.000000,1050.000000,1680.000000
Terminal:windowlist — -bash — 140×30:4105:6214:70.000000,285.000000,658.000000,1565.000000