从字典中删除包含多个键的值

Question

我用title:substrings构建了一个字典，其中前三个条目如下所示：

'1' : ['G', 'GA', 'GAA', 'GAAA', 'GAAAA', 'GAAAAA', 'GAAAAAG', 'GAAAAAGU', 'GAAAAAGUA', 'GAAAAAGUAU', 'GAAAAAGUAUG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGC', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAAC']

'2' : ['G', 'GA', 'GAG', 'GAGA', 'GAGAG', 'GAGAGA', 'GAGAGAG', 'GAGAGAGA', 'GAGAGAGAC', 'GAGAGAGACA', 'GAGAGAGACAU', 'GAGAGAGACAUA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAGG']

'3' : ['G', 'GU', 'GUC', 'GUCU', 'GUCUU', 'GUCUUU', 'GUCUUUG', 'GUCUUUGU', 'GUCUUUGU"', 'GUCUUUGU"G', 'GUCUUUGU"GU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUAC', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAUC']

关于如何将它们转换为列表，以及创建for循环来检查1中的项是否在other中，如果在other中，我发现了很多答案，但我认为这对我来说不可行，因为这本词典是生成的，不是我手写的。正因为如此，我真的不明白我应该如何处理这个问题

Answer 1

当需要扩展时，从列表中删除任意项会导致性能不佳。通常情况下，最好是从旧的列表中创建新的列表，并忽略要删除的项目

在这里，要删除的项是计数大于1的值

>>> mydict = {
... '1' : ['G', 'GA', 'GAA', 'GAAA', 'GAAAA', 'GAAAAA', 'GAAAAAG', 'GAAAAAGU', 'GAAAAAGUA', 'GAAAAAGUAU', 'GAAAAAGUAUG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGC', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAAC'],
... '2' : ['G', 'GA', 'GAG', 'GAGA', 'GAGAG', 'GAGAGA', 'GAGAGAG', 'GAGAGAGA', 'GAGAGAGAC', 'GAGAGAGACA', 'GAGAGAGACAU', 'GAGAGAGACAUA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAGG'],
... '3' : ['G', 'GU', 'GUC', 'GUCU', 'GUCUU', 'GUCUUU', 'GUCUUUG', 'GUCUUUGU', 'GUCUUUGU"', 'GUCUUUGU"G', 'GUCUUUGU"GU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUAC', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAUC']
... }
>>> from collections import Counter
>>> from itertools import chain
>>> c = Counter(chain.from_iterable(mydict.values()))
>>> {k: [x for x in v if c[x] == 1] for k, v in mydict.items()}
{'1': ['GAA', 'GAAA', 'GAAAA', 'GAAAAA', 'GAAAAAG', 'GAAAAAGU', 'GAAAAAGUA', 'GAAAAAGUAU', 'GAAAAAGUAUG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGC', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAAC'],
 '3': ['GU', 'GUC', 'GUCU', 'GUCUU', 'GUCUUU', 'GUCUUUG', 'GUCUUUGU', 'GUCUUUGU"', 'GUCUUUGU"G', 'GUCUUUGU"GU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUAC', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAUC'], 
 '2': ['GAG', 'GAGA', 'GAGAG', 'GAGAGA', 'GAGAGAG', 'GAGAGAGA', 'GAGAGAGAC', 'GAGAGAGACA', 'GAGAGAGACAU', 'GAGAGAGACAUA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAGG']}

Answer 2

您可以构建一个索引，其中每个值列出它所在的键。如果该列表大于1，则删除该值

mydict = {
'1' : ['G', 'GA', 'GAA', 'GAAA', 'GAAAA', 'GAAAAA', 'GAAAAAG', 'GAAAAAGU', 'GAAAAAGUA', 'GAAAAAGUAU', 'GAAAAAGUAUG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGC', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAG', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAA', 'GAAAAAGUAUGCAAGAAC'],

'2' : ['G', 'GA', 'GAG', 'GAGA', 'GAGAG', 'GAGAGA', 'GAGAGAG', 'GAGAGAGA', 'GAGAGAGAC', 'GAGAGAGACA', 'GAGAGAGACAU', 'GAGAGAGACAUA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGA', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAG', 'GAGAGAGACAUAGAGG'],

'3' : ['G', 'GU', 'GUC', 'GUCU', 'GUCUU', 'GUCUUU', 'GUCUUUG', 'GUCUUUGU', 'GUCUUUGU"', 'GUCUUUGU"G', 'GUCUUUGU"GU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUAC', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACA', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAU', 'GUCUUUGU"GUACAUC']
}

# build a dict of values and the keys that hold them
tmpdict = defaultdict(list)
for key, values in mydict.items():
    for value in values:
        tmpdict[value].append(key)

# now remove offenders from the original list
for value, inkeys in tmpdict.items():
    if len(inkeys) > 1:
        for key in inkeys:
            mydict[key].remove(value)

print mydict