<p>这是一个通用的、可重用的解决方案。这是一个泛型的<code>Serializer</code>,但是修改它以使用<code>ModelSerializer</code>并不困难。它也不处理序列化父类(在我的例子中,我更多地使用父类作为接口)。</p>
<pre><code>from typing import Dict
from rest_framework import serializers
class PolymorphicSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
"""
Serializer to handle multiple subclasses of another class
- For serialized dict representations, a 'type' key with the class name as
the value is expected: ex. {'type': 'Decimal', ... }
- This type information is used in tandem with get_serializer_map(...) to
manage serializers for multiple subclasses
"""
def get_serializer_map(self) -> Dict[str, serializers.Serializer]:
"""
Return a dict to map class names to their respective serializer classes
To be implemented by all PolymorphicSerializer subclasses
"""
raise NotImplementedError
def to_representation(self, obj):
"""
Translate object to internal data representation
Override to allow polymorphism
"""
type_str = obj.__class__.__name__
try:
serializer = self.get_serializer_map()[type_str]
except KeyError:
raise ValueError(
'Serializer for "{}" does not exist'.format(type_str),
)
data = serializer(obj, context=self.context).to_representation(obj)
data['type'] = type_str
return data
def to_internal_value(self, data):
"""
Validate data and initialize primitive types
Override to allow polymorphism
"""
try:
type_str = data['type']
except KeyError:
raise serializers.ValidationError({
'type': 'This field is required',
})
try:
serializer = self.get_serializer_map()[type_str]
except KeyError:
raise serializers.ValidationError({
'type': 'Serializer for "{}" does not exist'.format(type_str),
})
validated_data = serializer(context=self.context) \
.to_internal_value(data)
validated_data['type'] = type_str
return validated_data
def create(self, validated_data):
"""
Translate validated data representation to object
Override to allow polymorphism
"""
serializer = self.get_serializer_map()[validated_data['type']]
return serializer(context=self.context).create(validated_data)
</code></pre>
<p>使用它:</p>
<pre><code>class ParentClassSerializer(PolymorphicSerializer):
"""
Serializer for ParentClass objects
"""
def get_serializer_map(self) -> Dict[str, serializers.Serializer]:
"""
Return serializer map
"""
return {
ChildClass1.__name__: ChildClass1Serializer,
ChildClass2.__name__: ChildClass2Serializer,
}
</code></pre>