如何在Django中重用自定义验证?

2 投票
1 回答
784 浏览
提问于 2025-04-17 17:07

我需要在多个表单中使用相同的自定义验证。在其他框架中,我会创建一个新的“验证器”类,但我不太确定在Django/Python中该怎么做。

下面是我做的,有没有更好的方法(下面有解决方案)?

在任何表单中:

    def clean_image(self):
        image = self.cleaned_data.get("image")

        return validate_image_with_dimensions(
            image,
            expected_width=965,
            expected_height=142
        )

在一个验证模块中:

def validate_image_with_dimensions(image, expected_width, expected_height):
    from django.core.files.images import get_image_dimensions

    # the validation code...

    return image

下面是解决方案:

表单中:

    image = forms.ImageField(
        max_length=250,
        label=mark_safe('Image<br /><small>(must be 1100 x 316px)</small>'),
        required=True,
        validators=[
            ImageDimensionsValidator(
                expected_width=1100,
                expected_height=316
            )
        ]
    )

在一个验证模块中:

class ImageDimensionsValidator(object):

    def __init__(self, expected_width, expected_height):
        self.expected_width = expected_width
        self.expected_height = expected_height

    def __call__(self, image):
        """
        Validates that the image entered have the good dimensions
        """
        from django.core.files.images import get_image_dimensions

        if not image:
            pass
        else:
            width, height = get_image_dimensions(image)
            if width != self.expected_width or height != self.expected_height:
                raise ValidationError(
                    "The image dimensions are: " + str(width) + "x" + str(height) + ". "
                    "It's supposed to be " + str(self.expected_width) + "x" + str(self.expected_height)
                )

1 个回答

2

表单和模型字段可以接受一系列的验证器:

class YourForm(forms.Form):
   ...
   image = forms.ImageField(validators=[validate_image_with_dimensions])

验证器是可以被调用的对象,任何类型的都可以,你可以随意编写可调用的类(Django内部的验证器是基于类的)。

如果需要灵感,可以看看这个链接:django.core.validators 源代码

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