Python - 在PyQt小部件中添加Tkinter图形

Question

我们现在有一个用PyQt写的完全功能的图形用户界面（Gui）。我的搭档写了一个函数，可以在Tkinter中绘制数据图。我的问题是，我们怎么把这两个结合起来，让它们一起工作呢？

这是绘图的函数：

def createGraph(self):
        import tkinter as tk

        # Send in data as param, OR
        #data = [17, 20, 15, 10, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0]        

        # Recieve data within function 
        s.send("loadgraph")

        inputString = repr(s.recv(MSGSIZE))
        #inputString = "-20 15 10 7 5 -4 3 2 1 1 0"
        print(inputString)
        data = [int(x) for x in inputString.split()]

        root = tk.Tk()
        root.title("FSPwners")
        screen_width = 400
        screen_height = 700
        screen = tk.Canvas(root, width=screen_width, height=screen_height, bg= 'white')
        screen.pack()

        # highest y = max_data_value * y_stretch
        y_stretch = 15
        # gap between lower canvas edge and x axis
        y_gap = 350
        # stretch enough to get all data items in
        x_stretch = 10
        x_width = 20
        # gap between left canvas edge and y axis
        x_gap = 20


        for x, y in enumerate(data):
            # calculate reactangle coordinates (integers) for each bar
            x0 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_gap
            y0 = screen_height - (y * y_stretch + y_gap)
            x1 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_width + x_gap
            y1 = screen_height - y_gap
            # draw the bar
            print(x0, y0, x1, y1)
            if y < 0:
                screen.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill="red")
            else:
                screen.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill="green")

            # put the y value above each bar
            screen.create_text(x0+2, y0, anchor=tk.SW, text=str(y))

        root.mainloop()

当这个方法单独运行时，它会弹出一个窗口，显示图表。现在我们想要的是，当我们在当前的Gui中按下一个按钮时，也能弹出这个图表。我们该怎么做呢？如果我们在按钮被点击时直接调用createGraph()，就会出现错误：unrecognized selector sent to instance x009x...

这是什么问题呢？谢谢！

Answer 1

这里有一个PyQt的移植版本：

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

class Graph(QtGui.QWidget):
    def __init__(self, data, parent=None):
        QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        self._data = data
        self.resize(400, 700)
        self.setWindowTitle('FSPwners')
        self.setAutoFillBackground(True)
        self.setBackgroundRole(QtGui.QPalette.Base)

    def paintEvent(self, event):
        painter = QtGui.QPainter()
        painter.begin(self)

        screen_width = self.width()
        screen_height = self.height()

        # highest y = max_data_value * y_stretch
        y_stretch = 15
        # gap between lower canvas edge and x axis
        y_gap = 350
        # stretch enough to get all data items in
        x_stretch = 10
        x_width = 20
        # gap between left canvas edge and y axis
        x_gap = 20

        for x, y in enumerate(self._data):
            # calculate reactangle coordinates (integers) for each bar
            x0 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_gap
            y0 = screen_height - (y * y_stretch + y_gap)
            x1 = x0 + x_width
            y1 = screen_height - y_gap
            if y < 0:
                painter.setBrush(QtCore.Qt.red)
            else:
                painter.setBrush(QtCore.Qt.green)
            painter.drawRect(QtCore.QRectF(
                QtCore.QPointF(x0, y0), QtCore.QPointF(x1, y1)))
            print (x0, y0, x1, y1)

            # put the y value above each bar
            painter.drawText(x0 + 2, y0 - 2, str(y))

        painter.end()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    # data to be graphed
    data = [-20, 15, 10, 7, 5, -4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0]
    window = Graph(data)
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Answer 2

Qt和Tkinter这两个工具不太好搭配，你可以想象一下——我之前玩过Python的图形工具包，写了一个可以进行四则运算的计算器，这个计算器可以在Qt、GTK或者Tkinter上运行，甚至可以同时显示在这三种工具上。

为了让Tkinter和Qt的版本同时工作，我不得不分开进程，也就是说要在不同的运行实例中启动每个工具包。

你的情况不完全一样，因为Qt的图形界面已经在运行了，但也许可以通过一些变通的方法来解决这个问题。

关于这三个计算器的代码可以在这里找到：

https://web.archive.org/web/20101122232402/http://www.python.org.br/wiki/CalculadoraTkGtkQt