在Python 3中，如何在单独的.txt文件中搜索字符串？
我正在尝试用Python 3写一段代码，让用户输入一个.txt文件的名字。接着，用户输入一个关键词或短语，Python会在这个.txt文件中搜索，并返回这个短语所在的行数。此外，程序还会把一些内容写入一个.html文件，不过我可以等把这一部分搞定后再处理那个。以下是我目前的代码：
def main(): # Main function
list_variable = 0
search_term = 0
line = 0
links = 0 #Set list variables search and links equal to empty
print("The Great Search Engine, by Jackson Reeves")#Print Intro
filename = input("Enter name of database file: ")#Ask for filename
infile = open(filename, "r") #Use read function to read file
keyword = filename.find(input("Enter keyword to search for: "))
for line in filename.readlines():
line = line + 1
url = "http://www.aol.com"
url2 = "http://www.toyota.com"
url3 = "http://www.uky.edu"
url4 = "http://www.google.com"
url5 = "http://www.eku.edu"
url6 = "http://www.yahoo.com"
url7 = "http://www.youtube.com"
url8 = "http://www.msn.com"
#if keyword exists in file, execute these statements
p1 = ("<html>\n")
out_file = open("mypage.html", "wt")
out_file.write(p1)
p2 = ("<head><title>Search Findings</title></head>\n")
out_file.write(p2)
p3 = ("<body>\n")
out_file.write(p3)
p4 = ('<h2><p align=center>Search for "'+keyword+'"</h2>\n')
out_file.write(p4)
p5 = ("<p align=center>\n")
out_file.write(p5)
p6 = ("<table border>\n")
out_file.write(p6)
p7 = ("<tr><th>Hit<th>URL</tr>\n")
out_file.write(p7)
#if keyword is in line one, add this statement
p8 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url+'"> '+url+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p8)
#if keyword is in line three, add this statement
p9 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url2+'"> '+url2+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p9)
#if keyword is in line five, add this statement
p10 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url3+'"> '+url3+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p10)
#if keyword is in line seven, add this statement
p11 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url4+'"> '+url4+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p11)
#if keyword is in line nine, add this statement
p12 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url5+'"> '+url5+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p12)
#if keyword is in line eleven, add this statement
p13 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url6+'"> '+url6+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p13)
#if keyword is in line thirteen, add this statement
p14 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url7+'"> '+url7+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p14)
#if keyword is in line thirteen, add this statement
p15 = ('<tr><td>search <b>"'+keyword+'"</b><td><a href="'+url8+'"> '+url8+'</a></tr>\n')
out_file.write(p15)
p16 = ("</table>\n")
out_file.write(p16)
p17 = ("</body>\n")
out_file.write(p17)
p18 = ("</html>\n")
out_file.write(p18)
out_file.close
#if no keyword exists in file, execute these statements
p19 = ("<html>\n")
out_file = open("mypage.html", "wt")
out_file.write(p19)
p20 = ("<head><title>Search Findings</title></head>\n")
out_file.write(p20)
p21 = ("<body>\n")
out_file.write(p21)
p22 = ('<h2><p align=center>Search for "'+keyword+'"</h2>\n')
out_file.write(p22)
p23 = ("<p align=center>\n")
out_file.write(p23)
p24 = ("<table border>\n")
out_file.write(p24)
p25 = ('<tr><td>'+keyword+' <td> not found </tr>\n')
out_file.write(p25)
p26 = ('</table>\n')
out_file.write(p26)
p27 = ('</body>\n')
out_file.write(p27)
p28 = ('</html>\n')
out_file.write(p28)
out_file.close
main()
1 个回答
1
看起来你缺少的部分是如何搜索'txt'文件。这个代码片段可能会帮你入门：
import glob
keyword = raw_input('Enter a keyword to search for: ')
for filename in glob.glob('*.txt'):
with open(filename) as f:
for lineno, line in enumerate(f, 1):
if keyword in line:
print repr(keyword), 'found on line', lineno, 'in', filename, ':', repr(line)
注意，if keyword in line 是最简单的开始方式，但它并不是一个很精确的过滤器（比如搜索“port”会匹配到“important”）。
一个更高级的方法是使用正则表达式（例如，re.search(r'\bport\b', line) 会匹配“port”，但不会匹配“important”）。