如何在QTableView标题的点击中获取右键上下文菜单?

12 投票
2 回答
19092 浏览
提问于 2025-04-17 04:24

下面的示例代码(受到了这个网站的很大影响)实现了一个右键点击的菜单,当用户点击表格中的单元格时会出现这个菜单。请问,是否可以为表格的标题部分的右键点击设置一个不同的菜单?如果可以的话,我该如何修改代码来实现这个功能呢?

import re
import operator
import os
import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

def main():
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = MyWindow()
    w.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, *args):
        QWidget.__init__(self, *args)

        self.tabledata = [('apple', 'red', 'small'),
                          ('apple', 'red', 'medium'),
                          ('apple', 'green', 'small'),
                          ('banana', 'yellow', 'large')]
        self.header = ['fruit', 'color', 'size']

        # create table
        self.createTable()

        # layout
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.tv)
        self.setLayout(layout)

    def popup(self, pos):
        for i in self.tv.selectionModel().selection().indexes():
            print i.row(), i.column()
        menu = QMenu()
        quitAction = menu.addAction("Quit")
        action = menu.exec_(self.mapToGlobal(pos))
        if action == quitAction:
            qApp.quit()

    def createTable(self):
        # create the view
        self.tv = QTableView()
        self.tv.setStyleSheet("gridline-color: rgb(191, 191, 191)")

        self.tv.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu)
        self.tv.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.popup)

        # set the table model
        tm = MyTableModel(self.tabledata, self.header, self)
        self.tv.setModel(tm)

        # set the minimum size
        self.tv.setMinimumSize(400, 300)

        # hide grid
        self.tv.setShowGrid(True)

        # set the font
        font = QFont("Calibri (Body)", 12)
        self.tv.setFont(font)

        # hide vertical header
        vh = self.tv.verticalHeader()
        vh.setVisible(False)

        # set horizontal header properties
        hh = self.tv.horizontalHeader()
        hh.setStretchLastSection(True)

        # set column width to fit contents
        self.tv.resizeColumnsToContents()

        # set row height
        nrows = len(self.tabledata)
        for row in xrange(nrows):
            self.tv.setRowHeight(row, 18)

        # enable sorting
        self.tv.setSortingEnabled(True)

        return self.tv

class MyTableModel(QAbstractTableModel):
    def __init__(self, datain, headerdata, parent=None, *args):
        """ datain: a list of lists
            headerdata: a list of strings
        """
        QAbstractTableModel.__init__(self, parent, *args)
        self.arraydata = datain
        self.headerdata = headerdata

    def rowCount(self, parent):
        return len(self.arraydata)

    def columnCount(self, parent):
        return len(self.arraydata[0])

    def data(self, index, role):
        if not index.isValid():
            return QVariant()
        elif role != Qt.DisplayRole:
            return QVariant()
        return QVariant(self.arraydata[index.row()][index.column()])

    def headerData(self, col, orientation, role):
        if orientation == Qt.Horizontal and role == Qt.DisplayRole:
            return QVariant(self.headerdata[col])
        return QVariant()

    def sort(self, Ncol, order):
        """Sort table by given column number.
        """
        self.emit(SIGNAL("layoutAboutToBeChanged()"))
        self.arraydata = sorted(self.arraydata, key=operator.itemgetter(Ncol))
        if order == Qt.DescendingOrder:
            self.arraydata.reverse()
        self.emit(SIGNAL("layoutChanged()"))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

2 个回答

6

还有一种可能更强大的方法可以实现这个功能,那就是继承视图,而不仅仅是组合它。自定义上下文菜单在这里有效吗?是的,但为什么除了视图之外的其他东西需要知道它呢?这样做还可以帮助你更好地组织代码,以便妥善处理其他问题。目前的实现没有提供任何封装、内聚性或责任分离的支持。最终,你会得到一个庞大的代码块,这正是糟糕设计的反面。

我提到这一点是因为你似乎把所有的图形用户界面逻辑都放在这个不断膨胀的主函数里,这也是你把排序实现放在模型里的原因,这让我很困惑。(如果你有两个模型的视图,你就强迫它们以相同的方式排序,这样不合理。)

这会增加代码量吗?是的,但这给你带来了更多的控制力,我觉得这值得一提。下面我将演示如何处理表头和你想要的任何单元格。此外,请注意,在我的实现中,如果存在其他小部件也定义了上下文菜单事件处理程序,它可能会在我的处理程序之后有机会处理事件;这样,如果其他人只为某些特定情况添加处理程序,他们可以做到,而不会让我的代码变得复杂。做到这一点的一部分是标记你是否处理了这个事件。

好了,不说废话了,下面是代码:


    #Alteration : instead of self.tv = QTableView...
        self.tv = MyTableView()
        ....

# somewhere in your TableView object's __init__ method
# yeah IMHO you should be inheriting and thus extending TableView 
class MyTableView(QTableView):
    def __init__(self, parent = None):
        super(MyTableView, self).__init__()
        self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.DefaultContextMenu)
        
        ## uniform one for the horizontal headers.
        self.horizontalHeader().setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.ActionsContextMenu)

        ''' Build a header action list once instead of every time they click it'''
        doSomething = QAction("&DoSomething", self.verticalHeader(),
                              statusTip = "Do something uniformly for headerss",
                              triggered = SOME_FUNCTION
        self.verticalHeader().addAction(doSomething)
        ...
        return
     
    def contextMenuEvent(self, event)
    ''' The super function that can handle each cell as you want it'''
        handled = False
        index = self.indexAt(event.pos())
        menu = QMenu()
        #an action for everyone
        every = QAction("I'm for everyone", menu, triggered = FOO)
        if index.column() == N:  #treat the Nth column special row...
            action_1 = QAction("Something Awesome", menu,
                               triggered = SOME_FUNCTION_TO_CALL )
            action_2 = QAction("Something Else Awesome", menu,
                               triggered = SOME_OTHER_FUNCTION )
            menu.addActions([action_1, action_2])
            handled = True
            pass
        elif index.column() == SOME_OTHER_SPECIAL_COLUMN:
            action_1 = QAction("Uh Oh", menu, triggered = YET_ANOTHER_FUNCTION)
            menu.addActions([action_1])
            handled = True
            pass
        elif <some other condition>:
            handled = True
            pass
    
        if handled:
            menu.addAction(every)
            menu.exec_(event.globalPos())
            event.accept() #TELL QT IVE HANDLED THIS THING
            pass
        else:
            event.ignore() #GIVE SOMEONE ELSE A CHANCE TO HANDLE IT
            pass
        return
        
    pass #end of class
17

结果比我想的简单多了。就像我为QTableView这个小部件添加弹出菜单一样,我可以直接从表格对象中获取表头,然后用和普通弹出菜单一样的方法给它添加一个上下文菜单。

headers = self.tv.horizontalHeader()
headers.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu)
headers.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.header_popup)

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