Python如何在匹配后获取特定数量的行

2 投票
2 回答
10430 浏览
提问于 2025-04-16 20:05

假设我有一个输入的文本文件,格式如下:

Section1 Heading    Number of lines: n1
Line 1
Line 2
...
Line n1
Maybe some irrelevant lines

Section2 Heading    Number of lines: n2
Line 1
Line 2
...
Line n2

这个文件的某些部分以一个标题行开始,这个标题行会告诉我这一部分有多少行。每个部分的标题名称都不一样。

我写了一个正则表达式,可以根据用户搜索的标题名称来匹配标题行,然后解析出一个数字 n1/n2 等等,这个数字告诉我这一部分有多少行。我尝试用一个 for-in 循环来读取每一行,直到计数器达到 n1,但到现在为止都没有成功。

我想问的是:当匹配到某一行后,如何根据匹配到的数字返回特定数量的后续行,而这个数字在每个部分都是不同的?我刚开始学习编程,任何帮助都非常感谢。

编辑:好的,这里是我目前写的相关代码:

import re
print
fname = raw_input("Enter filename: ")
toolname = raw_input("Enter toolname: ")

def findcounter(fname, toolname):
        logfile = open(fname, "r")

        pat = 'SUCCESS Number of lines :'
        #headers all have that format
        for line in logfile:
                if toolname in line:
                    if pat in line:
                            s=line

        pattern = re.compile(r"""(?P<name>.*?)     #starting name
                             \s*SUCCESS        #whitespace and success
                             \s*Number\s*of\s*lines  #whitespace and strings
                             \s*\:\s*(?P<n1>.*)""",re.VERBOSE)
        match = pattern.match(s)
        name = match.group("name")
        n1 = int(match.group("n1"))
        #after matching line, I attempt to loop through the next n1 lines
        lcount = 0
        for line in logfile:
             if line == match:
                    while lcount <= n1:
                                match.append(line)
                                lcount += 1
                                return result

这个文件本身很长,而且在我感兴趣的部分之间夹杂了很多无关的行。我不太确定的是,如何指定直接打印匹配行后面的行。

2 个回答

0

你可以在生成器里放入这样的逻辑:

def take(seq, n):
    """ gets n items from a sequence """
    return [next(seq) for i in range(n)]

def getblocks(lines):
    # `it` is a iterator and knows where we are in the list of lines.
    it = iter(lines)
    for line in it:
        try:
            # try to find the header:
            sec, heading, num = line.split()
            num = int(num)
        except ValueError:
            # didnt work, try the next line
            continue

        # we got a header, so take the next lines
        yield take(it, num) 

#test
data = """
Section1 Heading  3
Line 1
Line 2
Line 3

Maybe some irrelevant lines

Section2 Heading 2
Line 1
Line 2
""".splitlines()

print list(getblocks(data))
2
# f is a file object
# n1 is how many lines to read
lines = [f.readline() for i in range(n1)]

当然可以!请把你想要翻译的内容发给我,我会帮你用简单易懂的语言解释清楚。

撰写回答