Django 多组件电话号码字段

Question

我想创建一个用于输入电话号码的字段，这个字段有三个文本框，大小分别是3、3和4，并且中间有常见的符号“(” “)”和“-”。下面是我为这个字段和小部件写的代码，但在我尝试渲染表单时，遇到了一个错误（这个错误发生在循环到我的电话号码字段时）：

渲染时捕获到异常：'NoneType'对象不可下标访问

class PhoneNumberWidget(forms.MultiWidget):
    def __init__(self,attrs=None):
        wigs = (forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'3','maxlength':'3'}),\
                forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'3','maxlength':'3'}),\
                forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'4','maxlength':'4'}))
        super(PhoneNumberWidget, self).__init__(wigs, attrs)

    def decompress(self, value):
        return value or None

    def format_output(self, rendered_widgets):
        return '('+rendered_widgets[0]+')'+rendered_widgets[1]+'-'+rendered_widgets[2]

class PhoneNumberField(forms.MultiValueField):
    widget = PhoneNumberWidget
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        fields=(forms.CharField(max_length=3), forms.CharField(max_length=3), forms.CharField(max_length=4))
        super(PhoneNumberField, self).__init__(fields, *args, **kwargs)
    def compress(self, data_list):
        if data_list[0] in fields.EMPTY_VALUES or data_list[1] in fields.EMPTY_VALUES or data_list[2] in fields.EMPTY_VALUES:
            raise fields.ValidateError(u'Enter valid phone number')
        return data_list[0]+data_list[1]+data_list[2]

class AdvertiserSumbissionForm(ModelForm):
    business_phone_number = PhoneNumberField(required=True)

Answer 1

我觉得value_from_datadict()这个代码可以简化成：

class USPhoneNumberMultiWidget(forms.MultiWidget):
    """
    A Widget that splits US Phone number input into three  boxes.
    """
    def __init__(self,attrs=None):
        widgets = (
            forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'3','maxlength':'3', 'class':'phone'}),
            forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'3','maxlength':'3', 'class':'phone'}),
            forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'4','maxlength':'4', 'class':'phone'}),
        )
        super(USPhoneNumberMultiWidget, self).__init__(widgets, attrs)

    def decompress(self, value):
        if value:
            return value.split('-')
        return [None,None,None]

    def value_from_datadict(self, data, files, name):
        values = super(USPhoneNumberMultiWidget, self).value_from_datadict(data, files, name)
        return u'%s-%s-%s' % values

MultiValueWidget的value_from_datadict()方法已经完成了以下操作：

    def value_from_datadict(self, data, files, name):
        return [widget.value_from_datadict(data, files, name + '_%s' % i) for i, widget in enumerate(self.widgets)]

Answer 2

这里使用了 widget.value_from_datadict() 来格式化数据，所以不需要重新创建一个字段，只需使用现有的 USPhoneNumberField。数据在数据库中存储的格式是 XXX-XXX-XXXX。

from django import forms

class USPhoneNumberMultiWidget(forms.MultiWidget):
    """
    A Widget that splits US Phone number input into three <input type='text'> boxes.
    """
    def __init__(self,attrs=None):
        widgets = (
            forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'3','maxlength':'3', 'class':'phone'}),
            forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'3','maxlength':'3', 'class':'phone'}),
            forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'4','maxlength':'4', 'class':'phone'}),
        )
        super(USPhoneNumberMultiWidget, self).__init__(widgets, attrs)

    def decompress(self, value):
        if value:
            return value.split('-')
        return (None,None,None)

    def value_from_datadict(self, data, files, name):
        value = [u'',u'',u'']
        # look for keys like name_1, get the index from the end
        # and make a new list for the string replacement values
        for d in filter(lambda x: x.startswith(name), data):
            index = int(d[len(name)+1:]) 
            value[index] = data[d]
        if value[0] == value[1] == value[2] == u'':
            return None
        return u'%s-%s-%s' % tuple(value)

在表单中可以这样使用：

from django.contrib.localflavor.us.forms import USPhoneNumberField
class MyForm(forms.Form):
    phone = USPhoneNumberField(label="Phone", widget=USPhoneNumberMultiWidget())

Answer 3

我听从了hughdbrown的建议，修改了USPhoneNumberField来满足我的需求。我最开始不使用它的原因是，它在数据库中把电话号码存储成XXX-XXX-XXXX的格式，而我则是把它们存储为XXXXXXXXXX。所以我重写了clean方法：

class PhoneNumberField(USPhoneNumberField):
    def clean(self, value):
        super(USPhoneNumberField, self).clean(value)
        if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
            return u''
        value = re.sub('(\(|\)|\s+)', '', smart_unicode(value))
        m = phone_digits_re.search(value)
        if m:
            return u'%s%s%s' % (m.group(1), m.group(2), m.group(3))
        raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['invalid'])