peforth 1.23

向前推进

一个可编程的python调试器允许您突然设置过程，以便在断点处动态地研究程序代码。

你们已经知道怎么做了。我们都知道。 但说到机器学习和Tensorflow之类的东西， 事情越来越烦人了。一个可编程的调试器是我和你的想法。一个断点调查一切！在这一点上，你可以 然后测试你想要的，由所有的力量支持。

forth语法中的调试命令

所以现在我们需要选择一个交互式ui及其语法 重量轻，可靠和灵活，所以我们不会后悔选择它。 总有一天，在那里已经有几十年了，所以很多人不需要了解 另一种新的语言虽然我们只是使用一些调试命令，但是很容易 对于新用户来说，已经足够了。

安装peforth

pip install peforth

对于jupyter笔记本用户，我们可以使用forth语言通过peforth magics%f和%f来调查python对象。对于教程，请在github上的这个项目的“notebook”目录中找到并阅读jupyter笔记本。

运行peforth:

打印“你好，世界！“

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.15063]
(c) 2017 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

c:\Users\your-working-folder>python -m peforth .' Hello World!!' cr bye
Hello World!!

c:\Users\your-working-folder>

所以你的peforth很好。 对于您的应用程序，import peforth像往常一样引入调试器：

c:\Users\your-working-folder>python
Python 3.6.0 (v3.6.0:41df79263a11, Dec 23 2016, 08:06:12) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import peforth
p e f o r t h    v1.07
source code http://github.com/hcchengithub/peforth
Type 'peforth.ok()' to enter forth interpreter, 'exit' to come back.

>>>

打招呼的信息告诉我们如何为您的 调试或调查以及如何返回以继续运行 代码。

让我们试着调试程序

# 100.py

sum = 0
for i in range(100):
    sum += i
print("The sum of 1..100 is ", sum)

运行：

c:\Users\your-working-folder>python 100.py
The sum of 1..100 is 4950

c:\Users\your-working-folder>

结果应该是5050，但不是！让我们放弃一个断点 看看有什么问题：

# 100.py with breakpoing   .----- Specify an unique command prompt to indicate where
                           |      the breakpoint is from if there are many of them
import peforth             |            .----- pass locals() at the breakpoint
sum = 0                    |            |      to our debugger
for i in range(100):       |            |               .------- use a FORTH constant
    sum += i               |            |               |        to represent the locals()
peforth.ok('my first breakpoint> ',loc=locals(),cmd="constant locals-after-the-for-loop")
print("The sum of 1..100 is ", sum)

再次运行：

c:\Users\your-working-folder>python 100.py
p e f o r t h    v1.07
source code http://github.com/hcchengithub/peforth
Type 'peforth.ok()' to enter forth interpreter, 'exit' to come back.

                     .--------------- at the breakpoint, type in 'words'
                     |                command to see what have we got
my first breakpoint> words        .-------- It's a long list of 'words'
... snip .......                  |         or available commands. Don't worry, we'll use only some of them.
expected_rstack expected_stack test-result [all-pass] *** all-pass [r r] [d d] [p
p] WshShell inport OK dir keys --- locals-after-the-for-loop
                                       |
            The last one is what ------'
            we have just created throuth the breakpoint statement
            , named "locals-after-the-for-loop"

让我们看看：

       print a carriage return at the end -------.
                          print the thing -----. |
                                               | |
my first breakpoint> locals-after-the-for-loop . cr
({'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__':
<_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x000001DD2D737710>,
'__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__': <module 'builtins'
(built-in)>, '__file__': '100.py', '__cached__': None, 'peforth': <module 'peforth'
from 'C:\\Users\\hcche\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36\\lib\\site-packages\\pe
forth\\__init__.py'>, 'sum': 4950, 'i': 99}, {}, 'my first breakpoint> ')
my first breakpoint>    |           |                   |
                        |           |                   '--- our command
           our sum -----'           |                        prompt
                                    |                  indicates where the
        99 instead of 100 ----------'                  breakpoint is from
        this is the problem !!

现在离开断点，让程序继续：

my first breakpoint> exit
my first breakpoint> The sum of 1..100 is  4950

c:\Users\your-working-folder>

在断点处进行实验进行调查

在tensorfow教程的断点处，我总是想 在那些令人沮丧的tf.something（tf.something（…），…） 对它们有更清楚的了解 不离开基础教程。我们用上面的例子 再次以另一种方式演示如何使用peforth：

运行peforth:

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.15063]
(c) 2017 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

c:\Users\your-working-folder>python
Python 3.6.0 (v3.6.0:41df79263a11, Dec 23 2016, 08:06:12) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import peforth
p e f o r t h    v1.07
source code http://github.com/hcchengithub/peforth
Type 'peforth.ok()' to enter forth interpreter, 'exit' to come back.

>>> peforth.ok()

OK   <-------- Default FORTH command prompt
OK

假设我们在一个断点，我们需要一个过程来 加1..100得到它们的和。我们不确定这个过程 是正确的，所以我们需要尝试。现在复制程序 你的文本编辑器。` <py>...</py> `告诉调试器 其中的代码是一个内嵌python块。 `outport()`函数将给定的`locals()`输出到 内嵌python块之外的第四个环境。

<py>
sum = 0
for i in range(100):
    sum += i
print("The sum of 1..100 is ", sum)
outport(locals())
</py>

这是一个由多行文本字符串组成的块，所以我们按ctrl-d 要开始多行输入，请复制粘贴，然后按另一个CTRL-D键 结束多行块。像这样：

OK
OK ^D
    <py>
    sum = 0
    for i in range(100):
        sum += i
    print("The sum of 1..100 is ", sum)
    outport(locals())
    </py>
^D
The sum of 1..100 is  4950
OK

现在使用“words”命令查看我们得到了什么：

OK words
code end-code \ // <selftest> </selftest> bye /// immediate stop compyle
trim indent -indent <py> </py> </pyV> words . cr help interpret-only
compile-only literal reveal privacy (create) : ; ( BL CR word ' ,
[compile] py: py> py:~ py>~ 0branch here! here swap ! @ ? >r r> r@ drop
dup over 0< + * - / 1+ 2+ 1- 2- compile if then compiling char last
version execute cls private nonprivate (space) exit ret rescan-word-hash
(') branch bool and or not (forget) AND OR NOT XOR true false "" [] {}
none >> << 0= 0> 0<> 0<= 0>= = == > < != >= <= abs max min doVar doNext
depth pick roll space [ ] colon-word create (marker) marker next abort
alias <> public nip rot -rot 2drop 2dup invert negate within ['] allot
for begin until again ahead never repeat aft else while ?stop ?dup
variable +! chars spaces .( ." .' s" s' s` does> count accept accept2
<accept> nop </accept> refill [else] [if] [then] (::) (:>) :: :> ::~
:>~ "msg"abort abort" "msg"?abort ?abort" '<text> (<text>) <text> </text>
<comment> </comment> (constant) constant value to tib. >t t@ t> [begin]
[again] [until] [for] [next] modules int float drops dropall char>ASCII
ASCII>char ASCII .s (*debug*) *debug* readTextFile writeTextFile
tib.insert sinclude include type obj>keys obj2dict stringify toString
.literal .function (dump) dump dump2ret d (see) .members .source see dos
cd slice description expected_rstack expected_stack test-result
[all-pass] *** all-pass [r r] [d d] [p p] WshShell inport OK dir keys
--- i sum
OK

在长列表末尾的` --- `标记后面，我们找到了` i `和 ` sum `。它们都是内联python块中某个点上的locals（）。 让我们看看他们：

OK i . cr
99
OK sum . cr
4950
OK

再次，我们找到了为什么总和不是5050的根本原因，因为 ` i `未达到预期的100。这正是 python`range()`可以工作，这实际上让我困惑了很多次。

访问此项目的 Wiki 页 有关如何查看mnist手写数字图像的更多示例 在TensorFlow教程的研究过程中， 示例，以及此可编程调试器的用法。