Docker图层挤压工具
docker-squash的Python项目详细描述
问题
Docker在构建图像时创建许多层。有时这是不必要或不可取的 让他们出现在画面中。例如，dockerfileadd指令创建一个单层 你想在图像中提供的文件。当这些文件是 仅限临时文件（例如，要解压缩的产品发行版）。码头工人会 将这个不必要的层始终与图像一起携带，即使您在下一步中删除了这些文件 层。这是浪费时间（需要推送/加载/保存更多数据）和资源（更大的图像）。
挤压有助于在逻辑层中组织图像。而不是 具有具有多个（几乎所有情况下）不必要层的图像- 我们可以控制图像的结构。
功能
- 可以挤压图像的最后N层
- 可以从选定的层挤压到最后（不总是可能的，取决于图像）
- 支持Docker1.9或更新版本（旧版本也可以运行得很好，试试！）
- 压缩后的图像可以加载回Docker守护进程，或者作为tar存档存储在某个地方
安装
来自源代码
$ pip install --user https://github.com/goldmann/docker-squash/archive/master.zip
来自PYPI
$ pip install docker-squash
用法
$ docker-squash -h
usage: cli.py [-h] [-v] [--version] [-d] [-f FROM_LAYER] [-t TAG]
[--tmp-dir TMP_DIR] [--output-path OUTPUT_PATH]
image
Docker layer squashing tool
positional arguments:
image Image to be squashed
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-v, --verbose Verbose output
--version Show version and exit
-d, --development Does not clean up after failure for easier debugging
-f FROM_LAYER, --from-layer FROM_LAYER
ID of the layer or image ID or image name. If not
specified will squash all layers in the image
-t TAG, --tag TAG Specify the tag to be used for the new image. By
default it'll be set to 'image' argument
--tmp-dir TMP_DIR Temporary directory to be created and used
--output-path OUTPUT_PATH
Path where the image should be stored after squashing.
If not provided, image will be loaded into Docker
daemon
许可证
麻省理工学院
示例
我们从这样的图像开始：
$ docker history jboss/wildfly:latest IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT 25954e6d2300 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/opt/jboss/wildfly/bi 0 B 5ae69cb454a5 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 8080/tcp 0 B dc24712f35c4 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV LAUNCH_JBOSS_IN_BACKGRO 0 B d929129d4c8e 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c cd $HOME && curl -O https://do 160.8 MB b8fa3caf7d6d 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV JBOSS_HOME=/opt/jboss/w 0 B 38b8f85e74bf 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV WILDFLY_SHA1=c0dd7552c5 0 B ae79b646b9a9 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV WILDFLY_VERSION=10.0.0. 0 B 2b4606dc9dc7 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/ 0 B 118fa9e33576 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER [jboss] 0 B 5f7e8f36c3bb 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk- 197.4 MB 3d4d0228f161 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER [root] 0 B f7ab4ea19708 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Marek Goldmann < 0 B 4bb15f3b6977 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER [jboss] 0 B 5dc1e49f4361 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /opt/jboss 0 B 7f0f9eb31174 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c groupadd -r jboss -g 1000 && usera 4.349 kB bd515f044af7 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c yum update -y && yum -y install xm 25.18 MB b78336099045 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Marek Goldmann < 0 B 4816a298548c 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0 B 6ee235cf4473 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL name=CentOS Base Imag 0 B 474c2ee77fa3 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:72852fc7626d233343 196.6 MB 1544084fad81 6 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER The CentOS Proje 0 B
我们想把所有的层压缩到层4bb15f3b6977。
$ docker-squash -f 4bb15f3b6977 -t jboss/wildfly:squashed jboss/wildfly:latest 2016-04-01 13:11:02,358 root INFO docker-scripts version 1.0.0dev, Docker 7206621, API 1.21... 2016-04-01 13:11:02,358 root INFO Using v1 image format 2016-04-01 13:11:02,374 root INFO Old image has 21 layers 2016-04-01 13:11:02,378 root INFO Checking if squashing is necessary... 2016-04-01 13:11:02,378 root INFO Attempting to squash last 12 layers... 2016-04-01 13:11:02,378 root INFO Saving image 25954e6d230006235eecb7f0cc560264d73146985c2d2e663bac953d660b8730 to /tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/image.tar file... 2016-04-01 13:11:08,003 root INFO Image saved! 2016-04-01 13:11:08,031 root INFO Unpacking /tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/image.tar tar file to /tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old directory 2016-04-01 13:11:08,588 root INFO Archive unpacked! 2016-04-01 13:11:08,636 root INFO Squashing image 'jboss/wildfly:latest'... 2016-04-01 13:11:08,637 root INFO Starting squashing... 2016-04-01 13:11:08,637 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/25954e6d230006235eecb7f0cc560264d73146985c2d2e663bac953d660b8730/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:08,637 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/5ae69cb454a5a542f63e148ce40fb9e01de5bb01805b4ded238841bc2ce8e895/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:08,637 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/dc24712f35c40e958be8aca2731e7bf8353b9b18baa6a94ad84c6952cbc77004/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:08,638 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/d929129d4c8e61ea3661eb42c30d01f4c152418689178afc7dc8185a37814528/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:09,113 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/b8fa3caf7d6dc228bf2499a3af86e5073ad0c17304c3900fa341e9d2fe4e5655/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:09,115 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/38b8f85e74bfa773a0ad69da2205dc0148945e6f5a7ceb04fa4e8619e1de425b/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:09,115 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/ae79b646b9a9a287c5f6a01871cc9d9ee596dafee2db942714ca3dea0c06eef3/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:09,115 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/2b4606dc9dc773aa220a65351fe8d54f03534c58fea230960e95915222366074/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:09,115 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/118fa9e33576ecc625ebbbfdf2809c1527e716cb4fd5cb40548eb6d3503a75a9/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:09,115 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/5f7e8f36c3bb20c9db7470a22f828710b4d28aede64966c425add48a1b14fe23/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:10,127 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/3d4d0228f161b67eb46fdb425ad148c31d9944dcb822f67eac3e2ac2effefc73/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:10,129 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fbxZz4/old/f7ab4ea197084ab7483a2ca5409bdcf5473141bfb61b8687b1329943359cc3fe/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:11:10,732 root INFO Squashing finished! 2016-04-01 13:11:10,737 root INFO New squashed image ID is 52255e75d3eb83123e074f897e8c971dec9d1168a5c82d7c1496a190da2e40ef 2016-04-01 13:11:14,563 root INFO Image registered in Docker daemon as jboss/wildfly:squashed 2016-04-01 13:11:14,652 root INFO Done
我们现在可以确认层结构：
$ docker history jboss/wildfly:squashed IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT 52255e75d3eb 40 seconds ago 358.2 MB 4bb15f3b6977 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER [jboss] 0 B 5dc1e49f4361 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /opt/jboss 0 B 7f0f9eb31174 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c groupadd -r jboss -g 1000 && usera 4.349 kB bd515f044af7 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c yum update -y && yum -y install xm 25.18 MB b78336099045 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Marek Goldmann < 0 B 4816a298548c 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0 B 6ee235cf4473 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL name=CentOS Base Imag 0 B 474c2ee77fa3 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:72852fc7626d233343 196.6 MB 1544084fad81 6 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER The CentOS Proje 0 B
另一个选项是指定要挤压多少层（从最新层开始计算）。
$ docker-squash -f 10 -t jboss/wildfly:squashed jboss/wildfly:latest 2016-04-01 13:15:06,488 root INFO docker-scripts version 1.0.0dev, Docker 7206621, API 1.21... 2016-04-01 13:15:06,488 root INFO Using v1 image format 2016-04-01 13:15:06,504 root INFO Old image has 21 layers 2016-04-01 13:15:06,504 root INFO Checking if squashing is necessary... 2016-04-01 13:15:06,504 root INFO Attempting to squash last 10 layers... 2016-04-01 13:15:06,505 root INFO Saving image 25954e6d230006235eecb7f0cc560264d73146985c2d2e663bac953d660b8730 to /tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/image.tar file... 2016-04-01 13:15:12,136 root INFO Image saved! 2016-04-01 13:15:12,167 root INFO Unpacking /tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/image.tar tar file to /tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old directory 2016-04-01 13:15:12,706 root INFO Archive unpacked! 2016-04-01 13:15:12,756 root INFO Squashing image 'jboss/wildfly:latest'... 2016-04-01 13:15:12,756 root INFO Starting squashing... 2016-04-01 13:15:12,756 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/25954e6d230006235eecb7f0cc560264d73146985c2d2e663bac953d660b8730/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:12,757 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/5ae69cb454a5a542f63e148ce40fb9e01de5bb01805b4ded238841bc2ce8e895/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:12,757 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/dc24712f35c40e958be8aca2731e7bf8353b9b18baa6a94ad84c6952cbc77004/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:12,757 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/d929129d4c8e61ea3661eb42c30d01f4c152418689178afc7dc8185a37814528/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:13,234 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/b8fa3caf7d6dc228bf2499a3af86e5073ad0c17304c3900fa341e9d2fe4e5655/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:13,235 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/38b8f85e74bfa773a0ad69da2205dc0148945e6f5a7ceb04fa4e8619e1de425b/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:13,235 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/ae79b646b9a9a287c5f6a01871cc9d9ee596dafee2db942714ca3dea0c06eef3/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:13,235 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/2b4606dc9dc773aa220a65351fe8d54f03534c58fea230960e95915222366074/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:13,236 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/118fa9e33576ecc625ebbbfdf2809c1527e716cb4fd5cb40548eb6d3503a75a9/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:13,236 root INFO Squashing file '/tmp/docker-squash-fu80CX/old/5f7e8f36c3bb20c9db7470a22f828710b4d28aede64966c425add48a1b14fe23/layer.tar'... 2016-04-01 13:15:14,848 root INFO Squashing finished! 2016-04-01 13:15:14,853 root INFO New squashed image ID is fde7edd2e5683c97bedf9c0bf52ad5150db5650e421de3d9293ce5223b256455 2016-04-01 13:15:18,963 root INFO Image registered in Docker daemon as jboss/wildfly:squashed 2016-04-01 13:15:19,059 root INFO Done
我们现在确认图像结构：
$ docker history jboss/wildfly:squashed IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT fde7edd2e568 32 seconds ago 358.2 MB 3d4d0228f161 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER [root] 0 B f7ab4ea19708 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Marek Goldmann < 0 B 4bb15f3b6977 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER [jboss] 0 B 5dc1e49f4361 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /opt/jboss 0 B 7f0f9eb31174 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c groupadd -r jboss -g 1000 && usera 4.349 kB bd515f044af7 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c yum update -y && yum -y install xm 25.18 MB b78336099045 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Marek Goldmann < 0 B 4816a298548c 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0 B 6ee235cf4473 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL name=CentOS Base Imag 0 B 474c2ee77fa3 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:72852fc7626d233343 196.6 MB 1544084fad81 6 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER The CentOS Proje 0 B
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