devapps 20181022

Devapps-DevOps就绪应用程序

[目录]

devapp：命令行函数配置程序和运行程序

如果您有这样的设置：

importoperatorclassCalc:"""Calculator Demo"""oper_func='add'# One (PY2 compatible) way to provide type hints (optional, for less imperative code):defdo_run(self,a=int,b=int):"""Runs operator function on the arguments"""returngetattr(operator,self.oper_func,self.not_found)(a,b)defnot_found(self,*a,**kw):raiseException('not supported:',self.oper_func)

通过devapp命令，您可以在cli上提供配置（除了 配置文件和环境）并立即运行此程序：

$ devapp ./calc.py 41142

$ devapp ./calc.py b=14142

$ devapp ./calc.py oper_func=mul a=2b=100200

$ devapp ./calc.py of=mul a=2b=150300

$ exportCalc_oper_func=mul Calc_run='{"a":100}'; devapp ./calc.py  b=4400

$ devapp ./calc.py a=1b=foo # b has wrong type0.02285 [error    ] Cannot cast expected_type=int for_param=b got=foo

$ devapp ./calc.py # missing params0.02001 [error    ] Value required param=a type=int
0.02025 [error    ] Value required param=b type=int

$ devapp ./calc.py of=mul -h # help output# Calc

Calculator Demo

## Parameters| Name      | Val | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl || --------- | --- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- || oper_func | mul | C | add  |||## Actions### run

Runs operator function on the arguments

> do_run(a=<int>, b=<int>)

@app：转换类树

decorator变量允许独立运行应用程序：

#!/usr/bin/env pythonimportoperatorfromdevapps.appimportapp# one way of usage is via this decorator@app# apply the decorator to your app holding classclassCalc:"""Calculator Demo"""oper_func='add'defdo_run(calc,a=int,b=int):"""Runs operator function on the arguments"""returngetattr(operator,calc.oper_func,calc.not_found)(a,b)defnot_found(calc,*a,**kw):raiseException('not supported:',calc.oper_func)

我们

• 添加了hashbang并使文件可执行。
• 装饰了一流的班级。

我们现在可以直接从cli运行该程序：

$ ./calc1.py a=2b=46

$ ./calc1.py b=2a=4# mappable so supported6

$ ./calc1.py 24.1 # positionally given, rounded6

$ ./calc1.py a=24.1 # mapping found6

$ ./calc1.py oper_func=mul a=2b=48

$ ./calc1.py of=mul a=2b=4# short form for oper_func8

更多操作

类可能有更多的动作函数（默认情况下前缀为do_）。 do_run只是默认的操作-如果没有配置其他操作，则运行。

让我们添加另一个：

#!/usr/bin/env pythonimportoperatorfromdevapps.appimportapp# one way of usage is via this decorator@app# apply the decorator to your app holding classclassCalc:"""Calculator Demo"""oper_func='add'op=lambdacalc:getattr(operator,calc.oper_func,calc.not_found)defdo_run(calc,a=int,b=int):"""Runs operator function on the arguments"""returncalc.op()(a,b)defdo_list_sum(calc,args=[0]):"""Sums up all numbers given"""returnsum(args)defnot_found(calc,*a,**kw):raiseException('not supported:',calc.oper_func)

运行它：

$ ./calc2.py list_sum "1,2,3"6

$ ./calc2.py ls "1, 2, 3"# short form for function supported6

帮助输出

-h提供标记格式的帮助输出：

$ ./calc2.py -h

# Calc

Calculator Demo

## Parameters

| Name      | Val | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl |
| --------- | --- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- |
| oper_func | add |   |      |       |      |

## Actions

### list_sum

Sums up all numbers given

> do_list_sum(args=[0])

### run

Runs operator function on the arguments

> do_run(a=<int>, b=<int>)

降价？

因为这允许添加很多结构化信息——我们可以使用这些信息来很好地为输出着色、提供toc、放入readme等等。

-hc显示实现：

$ ./calc2.py -hc

# Calc

Calculator Demo

## Parameters

| Name      | Val | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl |
| --------- | --- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- |
| oper_func | add |   |      |       |      |

## Actions

### list_sum

Sums up all numbers given

``python=
def do_list_sum(calc, args=[0]):
    return sum(args)
``

### run

Runs operator function on the arguments

``python=
def do_run(calc, a=int, b=int):
    return calc.op()(a, b)
``

If the terminal width is not wide enough for the parameter tables we render the parameters vertically. -hu (classic unix) forces this always.

默认值可配置

当提供参数时，让我们检查-h输出：

$ ./calc2.py of=multiply 1 -h | head -n 10

# Calc

Calculator Demo

## Parameters

| Name      | Val      | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl |
| --------- | -------- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- |
| oper_func | multiply | C | add  |       |      |

正如您从cli中看到的，我们的价值体现在文档中。
F（from）列显示值的提交位置。

提供者

通过其他方式更改应用程序的默认值更有意义 而不是cli。

内置我们还有两个所谓的“提供者”，即配置的提供者：

0.[编程默认值] 1.配置文件 2.环境 3.cli

按给定顺序重写彼此的值。这个顺序可以改变。

文件

让我们创建一个配置文件，将默认运算符更改为mul，并将第一个函数参数的默认值更改为^{a：

$python-c"if 1:cfg={'oper_func':'mul','run':{'a':10.3}}# write to user config dir:fromappdirsimportuser_config_dirasucdfromjsonimportdumpswithopen(ucd()+'/Calc.json','w')asfd:fd.write(dumps(cfg))"

现在我们可以运行应用程序，而不需要提供a并获得乘法：

$ ./calc1.py b=42420

Positionally you could overwrite a still on the CLI, so we do not map one value only to b

$ ./calc1.py 542210

$ ./calc1.py 50.03074 [error    ] Value required param=b type=int

这里是-h：

$ ./calc1.py -h

# Calc

Calculator Demo

## Parameters

| Name      | Val | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl |
| --------- | --- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- |
| oper_func | mul | F | add  |       |      |

## Actions

### run

Runs operator function on the arguments
:::warning
Defaults modified (by File):
- a: 10 (was <int>)
:::

> do_run(a=10, b=<int>)

$ exportCalc_oper_func=mul Calc_run='{"a":4.2}'; ./calc1.py b=312

$ export Calc_oper_func=xxx Calc_run='{"b":4.2}';./calc1.py a=2.1 -h

# Calc

Calculator Demo

## Parameters

| Name      | Val | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl |
| --------- | --- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- |
| oper_func | xxx | E | add  |       |      |

## Actions

### run

Runs operator function on the arguments
:::warning
Defaults modified (by Env):
- b: 4 (was <int>)
:::

> do_run(a=<int>, b=4)

#!/usr/bin/env pythonimportoperatorfromdevapps.appimportappclassLog:"""Print Logger"""level=10defdo_testmsg(log,ev='hello'):log.msg(30,ev)return''defmsg(log,level,ev,**kw):iflevel>=log.level:print('[%s] %s%s'%(level,ev,kw))@appclassCalc:"""Calculator Demo"""oper_func='add'log=Logdefdo_run(calc,a=int,b=int):"""Runs operator function on the arguments"""of=calc.oper_funccalc.log.msg(10,'Calculating',operation=of,a=a,b=b)res=getattr(operator,of,calc.not_found)(a,b)calc.log.msg(20,'Returning',result=res)returnresdefnot_found(calc,*a,**kw):raiseException('not supported:',calc.oper_func)

$ ./calc_tree.py 1299[10] Calculating {'operation': 'add', 'a': 1, 'b': 299}[20] Returning {'result': 300}300

$ ./calc_tree.py log.level=20of=mul 1003[20] Returning {'result': 300}300

$ ./calc_tree.py l.l=20of=mul 1003# shorthand notation for nested blocks[20] Returning {'result': 300}300

$ ./calc_tree.py l.t "hi there"# calling nested functions[30] hi there {}

$ ./calc_tree.py l.l=20 l.t.ev=hi of=mul -h

# Calc

Calculator Demo

## Parameters| Name      | Val | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl || --------- | --- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- || oper_func | mul | C | add  |||## Actions### run

Runs operator function on the arguments

> do_run(a=<int>, b=<int>)

---
## log

Print Logger

### Parameters| Name  | Val | F | Dflt | Descr | Expl || ----- | --- | - | ---- | ----- | ---- || level |20| C |10|||### Actions#### testmsg

:::warning
Defaults modified (by CLI):
- ev: hi (was hello)
:::

> do_testmsg(ev=hi)

#!/usr/bin/env pythonfrom__future__importprint_function# for Python2importoperatorimportattrfromdevappsimportroot,parent,as_dictfromdevappsimportappclassInner:inner_var=1defdo_nav_demo(inner):returnroot(inner).do_run(inner.inner_var,inner.Deep.deep_var)classDeep:deep_var=2defdo_nav_demo(deep):print(root(deep).app_var,parent(deep).do_nav_demo())return''@app.appclassApp:inner=Innerapp_var=0defdo_run(app,a=1,b=2):returna,bdefdo_dump(app,asdict=False):print(appifnotasdictelseas_dict(app))return''

$ ./calc_tree_nav.py av=100 i.iv=200 i.D.dv=300 i.D.nd
100(200, 300)

$ ./calc_tree_nav.py av=1 i.D.dv=42 du # du matched to dump
App(app_var=1, inner=Inner(Deep=Inner.Deep(deep_var=42), inner_var=1))


$ ./calc_tree_nav.py app_var=2 inner.Deep.deep_var=42 dump asdict=true{'app_var': 2, 'inner': {'Deep': {'deep_var': 42}, 'inner_var': 1}}

似乎每个人都应该种一棵树，养一个儿子，然后编写一个命令行解析器。

标签：

• the
• run
• py
• app
• 应用程序
• calc
• do
• func
• oper

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