java我应该使用什么layoutManager？

Question

我正在创建一个应用程序来测试系统托盘，但我不知道应该使用什么layoutmanager使其看起来像这样：

我遇到的问题是，我无法垂直对齐文本字段中的文本，因此我想：“为什么不使用LayoutManager并使其与消息成比例？”你觉得这个怎么样

Answer 1

我使用的最佳布局管理器之一First GridBagLayout可以更灵活地设置调色板的位置（Swing容器、控件）

public class GridBagLayoutSample {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("GridBagSample");
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
JButton btn1 = new JButton("One");
JButton btn2 = new JButton("Two");
JButton btn3 = new JButton("Three");
JButton btn4 = new JButton("Four");
JButton btn5 = new JButton("Five");
public GridBagLayoutSample(){
panel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints a = new GridBagConstraints();
a.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
a.insets = new Insets(3,3,3,3);

a.gridx = 0;
a.gridy = 0;
panel.add(btn1, a);

a.gridx = 1;
a.gridy = 0;
panel.add(btn2, a);

a.gridx = 0;
a.gridy = 1;
panel.add(btn3, a);


a.gridx = 1;
a.gridy = 1;
panel.add(btn4, a);


frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,500));

panel.setSize(300,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
GridBagLayoutSample a = new GridBagLayoutSample();
}

查看此文档。这里解释了GridBagLayout是如何使用的。这是我使用的最好的布局，因为你可以找到你想要的任何位置。使用象限作为指导，这样就不会混淆组件的定位，希望这能有所帮助

https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/layout/gridbag.html

Answer 2

您可以使用BorderLayout

为了满足您所需的定位要求，我能想出的最简单的方案是：

public class PutText extends JFrame {

    public PutText() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        initGUI();
        pack();

        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    }

    private void initGUI() {
        Container cp = getContentPane();
        cp.setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 10));

        JPanel upper = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        JPanel lower = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

        cp.add(upper, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
        cp.add(lower, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);

        JLabel lbl = new JLabel("Put the text you want the tray to show.");
        JTextArea ta = new JTextArea();
        ta.setLineWrap(true);
        JButton btn = new JButton("Send");

        upper.add(lbl, BorderLayout.LINE_START);
        cp.add(ta, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        lower.add(btn, BorderLayout.LINE_END);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            new PutText().setVisible(true);
        });
    }

}

请注意，您需要添加空边框，以便与要创建的程序相似

Answer 3

简单：使用布局的组合。整体的边框布局，JLabel位于页面的起始位置，JScrollPane/JTextArea位于中间位置。和流动布局。右键使用JPanel在页面结束位置按住JButton

例如

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class FooPanel extends JPanel {
    private static final String PROMPT = "This is prompt text:";
    private static final int TA_ROWS = 10;
    private static final int TA_COLS = 30;
    private static final int GAP = 5; 

    private JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(TA_ROWS, TA_COLS);

    public FooPanel() {
        JPanel bottomPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
        bottomPanel.add(new JButton("Submit"));

        setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(GAP, GAP, GAP, GAP));
        setLayout(new BorderLayout(GAP, GAP));
        add(new JLabel(PROMPT), BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
        add(new JScrollPane(textArea), BorderLayout.CENTER);
        add(bottomPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
    }

    private static void createAndShowGui() {
        FooPanel mainPanel = new FooPanel();

        JFrame frame = new JFrame("FooPanel");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            createAndShowGui();
        });
    }
}

或者，底部的JPanel可以使用BoxLayout，通过水平胶水将按钮按在上面：

        JPanel bottomPanel = new JPanel();
        bottomPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(bottomPanel, BoxLayout.LINE_AXIS));
        bottomPanel.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue());
        bottomPanel.add(new JButton("Submit"));

在模式对话框中使用上述内容并展示如何在JTextArea中换行的示例：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dialog.ModalityType;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class FooPanel extends JPanel {
    private static final int TA_ROWS = 10;
    private static final int TA_COLS = 30;
    private static final int GAP = 5;

    private JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(TA_ROWS, TA_COLS);

    public FooPanel(String prompt) {
        textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
        textArea.setLineWrap(true);

        JPanel bottomPanel = new JPanel();
        bottomPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(bottomPanel, BoxLayout.LINE_AXIS));
        bottomPanel.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue());
        bottomPanel.add(new JButton(new SendAction("Send", KeyEvent.VK_S)));

        setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(GAP, GAP, GAP, GAP));
        setLayout(new BorderLayout(GAP, GAP));
        add(new JLabel(prompt), BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
        add(new JScrollPane(textArea), BorderLayout.CENTER);
        add(bottomPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
    }

    public String getText() {
        return textArea.getText();
    }

    private class SendAction extends AbstractAction {
        public SendAction(String name, int mnemonic) {
            super(name);
            putValue(MNEMONIC_KEY, mnemonic); // alt-key shortcut mnemonic
        }

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            // simply dispose of this window
            Window win = SwingUtilities.getWindowAncestor(FooPanel.this);
            win.dispose();
        }
    }

    private static void createAndShowGui() {
        String prompt = "Enter the text that is to be displayed in the tray:";
        final FooPanel mainPanel = new FooPanel(prompt);

        final JFrame frame = new JFrame("FooPanel");
        final JTextArea displayArea = new JTextArea(TA_ROWS, TA_COLS);
        displayArea.setFocusable(false);
        displayArea.setEditable(false);
        displayArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
        displayArea.setLineWrap(true);

        final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "Enter Text", ModalityType.APPLICATION_MODAL);
        dialog.add(mainPanel);
        dialog.pack();

        JPanel framePanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        framePanel.add(new JScrollPane(displayArea), BorderLayout.CENTER);
        framePanel.add(new JPanel() {
            {
                add(new JButton(new AbstractAction("Show Dialog") {
                    {
                        putValue(MNEMONIC_KEY, KeyEvent.VK_S);
                    }

                    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                        dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame);
                        dialog.setVisible(true);

                        String text = mainPanel.getText();
                        displayArea.setText(text);
                    };
                }));
            }
        }, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);

        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.getContentPane().add(framePanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            createAndShowGui();
        });
    }
}