在JavaDOM中从XML获取元素名

Question

我想获取元素名并在XML中打印数据，但不确定如何获取特定元素下的数据

这是XML示例和我的代码

   <mdb>
    <movies>
    <movie id="godfather">
      <title>The Godfather</title>
      <year>1972</year>
      <directors>
        <director idref="francisfordcoppola"/>
      </directors>
      <genres>
        <genre>Crime</genre>
        <genre>Drama</genre>
      </genres>
       <cast>
        <performer>
          <actor idref="marlonbrando"/>
          <role>Don Vito Corleone</role>
        </performer>
     </cast>
    </movie>
    </movies>

    <performer id="kimnovak">
      <name>Marilyn Pauline Novak</name>
      <dob>1933-02-13</dob>
      <pob>Chicago, Illinois, USA</pob>
      <actedin>
        <movie idref="vertigo"/>
      </actedin>
    </performer>
    </mdb>



try {
        File fXmlFile = new File(filename);
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
        Document doc = dBuilder.parse(fXmlFile);

        NodeList nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName("movie");
         System.out.println("nodes length"+ nodes.getLength());
        for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++){
            Element element = (Element) nodes.item(i);
            NodeList name = element.getElementsByTagName("title");
            Element line = (Element) name.item(0);
            System.out.println(": " + line.getFirstChild().getTextContent());

我只想了解电影里面的元素。但是下面的代码也读取 ^执行者内部的{}（如果我想获取内容，会导致Nullpointer异常）；我想知道是否有任何可能的方法可以避免使用DOM读取性能低下的文件

NodeList nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName("movie");

我第一部电影的最终输出应该是这样的

('godfather', 'The Godfather', '1972', 'Crime;Drama')

Answer 1

我建议你仔细阅读XPath。以下是一些examples

例如，要阅读电影年度，可以使用XPath

/mdb/movies/movie/year/text()

Answer 2

我也有同样的问题，这是我的实施

public String getTagValue(org.w3c.dom.Document xmlDoc, String tagName) throws Exception {
        xmlDoc.getDocumentElement().normalize();

        NodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName(tagName);

        for (int temp = 0; temp < nodeList.getLength(); temp++) {
            Node nNode = nodeList.item(temp);
            if (nNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                org.w3c.dom.Element eElement = (org.w3c.dom.Element) nNode;
                return eElement.getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
            }
        }
        return "-1";
    }

Answer 3

一种方法是从电影标签而不是电影标签开始阅读。不确定这是否是你想要的

NodeList nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName("movies");

Element element = (Element) nodes.item(0);
NodeList movieList = element.getElementsByTagName("movie");
for (int i = 0; i < movieList.getLength(); i++) {
    Element movieElement = (Element) movieList.item(i);
    System.out.println(movieElement.getAttributes().getNamedItem("id").getNodeValue());
    NodeList name = movieElement.getElementsByTagName("title");
    NodeList year = movieElement.getElementsByTagName("year");
    NodeList genres = movieElement.getElementsByTagName("genres");
    Element genreline = (Element) genres.item(0);

    System.out.println(name.item(0).getFirstChild().getTextContent());
    System.out.println(year.item(0).getFirstChild().getTextContent());
    System.out.println(genreline.getElementsByTagName("genre").item(0).getTextContent() 
               + ":" + genreline.getElementsByTagName("genre").item(1).getTextContent());
}

输出：

: godfather
: The Godfather
: 1972
: Crime:Drama