规范化字符串以在Java中创建安全URL

Question

我正在用Java编写一个库，它通过以下方式从文件名列表创建URL：

final String domain = "http://www.example.com/";

String filenames[] = {"Normal text","Ich weiß nicht", "L'ho inserito tra i princìpi"};

System.out.println(domain+normalize(filenames[0]);
//Prints  "http://www.example.com/Normal_text"
System.out.println(domain+normalize(filenames[1]);
//Prints  "http://www.example.com/Ich_weib_nicht"
System.out.println(domain+normalize(filenames[2]);
//Prints  "http://www.example.com/L_ho_inserito_tra_i_principi"

某个地方存在一个Java库，它公开了我在上面代码中使用的方法normalize

文献：

• Which special characters are safe to use in url?
• Safe characters for friendly url

Answer 1

从我前面的答案here中获取内容，您可以使用^{}，它接近于在Java中规范化字符串。正常化的一个例子是

重音删除：

String accented = "árvíztűrő tükörfúrógép";
String normalized = Normalizer.normalize(accented,  Normalizer.Form.NFD);
normalized = normalized.replaceAll("[^\\p{ASCII}]", "");

System.out.println(normalized);

给予

arvizturo tukorfurogep

Answer 2

假设您的意思是要对字符串进行编码，以使它们对url安全。在这种情况下，请使用URL编码器：

final String domain = "http://www.example.com/";

String filenames[] = {"Normal text","Ich weiß nicht", "L'ho inserito tra i princìpi"};

System.out.println(domain + URLEncoder.encode(filenames[0], "UTF-8"));
System.out.println(domain + URLEncoder.encode(filenames[1], "UTF-8"));
System.out.println(domain + URLEncoder.encode(filenames[2], "UTF-8"));