有 Java 编程相关的问题?

你可以在下面搜索框中键入要查询的问题!

使用Lucene spatial search/DateRangePrefixTree进行java日期范围查询?

我使用的是Lucene 6.3,但我无法找出以下非常基本的搜索查询的错误。它只需向每个文档添加一个日期范围,然后尝试在更大的范围内搜索,以便找到这两个文档。怎么了

这里有一些内联注释,可以让exmaple变得不言自明。如果有任何不清楚的地方,请告诉我

请注意,我的主要要求是能够执行日期范围查询以及其他字段查询,例如

text:interesting date:[2014 TO NOW]

这是在观看了Lucene spatial deep dive video的介绍之后,介绍了DateRangePrefixTree和策略所基于的框架

Rant:我觉得如果我在这里犯了任何错误,我应该会在查询或写作中得到一些验证错误,因为我的例子是多么简单

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
import org.apache.lucene.document.TextField;
import org.apache.lucene.index.*;
import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.ParseException;
import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.QueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.*;
import org.apache.lucene.spatial.prefix.NumberRangePrefixTreeStrategy;
import org.apache.lucene.spatial.prefix.PrefixTreeStrategy;
import org.apache.lucene.spatial.prefix.tree.DateRangePrefixTree;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.RAMDirectory;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;


public class TestLuceneDatePrefix {

  /*
  All these names should be lower case as field names are case sensitive in Lucene.
   */
  private static final String NAME = "name";
  public static final String TIME = "time";


  private Directory directory;
  private StandardAnalyzer analyzer;
  private ScoreDoc lastDocOnPage;
  private IndexWriterConfig indexWriterConfig;

  @Before
  public void setup() {
    analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
    directory = new RAMDirectory();
    indexWriterConfig = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer);
  }


  @Test
  public void testAddDocumentAndSearchByDate() throws IOException {

    IndexWriter w = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer));

    // Responsible for creating the prefix string / geohash / token to identify the date.
    // aka Create post codes
    DateRangePrefixTree prefixTree = new DateRangePrefixTree(DateRangePrefixTree.JAVA_UTIL_TIME_COMPAT_CAL);

    // Strategy indexing the token.
    // aka transform post codes into tokens that make them efficient to search.
    PrefixTreeStrategy strategy = new NumberRangePrefixTreeStrategy(prefixTree, TIME);


    createDocument(w, "Bill", new Date(2017,1,1), prefixTree, strategy);
    createDocument(w, "Ted", new Date(2018,1,1), prefixTree, strategy);

    w.close();

    // Written the document, now try query them

    DirectoryReader reader;
    try {
      QueryParser queryParser = new QueryParser(NAME, analyzer);
      System.out.println(queryParser.getLocale());

      // Surely searching only on year for the easiest case should work?
      Query q = queryParser.parse("time:[1972 TO 4018]");

      // The following query returns 1 result, so Lucene is set up.
      // Query q = queryParser.parse("name:Ted");
      reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory);
      IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);

      TotalHitCountCollector totalHitCountCollector = new TotalHitCountCollector();

      int hitsPerPage = 10;
      searcher.search(q, hitsPerPage);

      TopDocs docs = searcher.search(q, hitsPerPage);
      ScoreDoc[] hits = docs.scoreDocs;

      // Hit count is zero and no document printed!!

      // Putting a dependency on mockito would make this code harder to paste and run.
      System.out.println("Hit count : "+hits.length);
      for (int i = 0; i < hits.length; ++i) {
        System.out.println(searcher.doc(hits[i].doc));
      }
      reader.close();
    }
    catch (ParseException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }


  private void createDocument(IndexWriter w, String name, Date fromDate, DateRangePrefixTree prefixTree, PrefixTreeStrategy strategy) throws IOException {
    Document doc = new Document();

    // Store a text/stored field for the name. This helps indicate that Lucene is orking.
    doc.add(new TextField(NAME, name, Field.Store.YES));

    //offset toDate
    Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    cal.setTime( fromDate );
    cal.add( Calendar.DATE, 1 );
    Date toDate = cal.getTime();

    // This lets the prefix tree create whatever tokens it needs
    // perhaps index year, date, second etc separately, hence multiple potential tokens.
    for (IndexableField field : strategy.createIndexableFields(prefixTree.toRangeShape(
        prefixTree.toUnitShape(fromDate), prefixTree.toUnitShape(toDate)))) {
      // Debugging the tokens produced is difficult as I can't intuitively look at them and know if they are valid.
      doc.add(field);
    }
    w.addDocument(doc);
  }
}

更新:

  • 我想答案可能是使用SimpleAnalyzer而不是StandardAnalyzer,但这似乎也不起作用

  • 我对能够解析用户日期范围的要求似乎是catered by SOLR,所以我希望这是基于Lucene功能的


共 (2) 个答案

  1. # 1 楼答案

    首先,QueryParser可以解析日期,并默认生成TermRangeQuery。请参阅以下生成TermRangeQuery的默认解析器的方法

    org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.QueryParserBase#getRangeQuery(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String, boolean, boolean)
    

    这假设您将在lucene数据库中以字符串形式存储日期,这有点低效,但只要使用SimpleAnalyzer或等效工具,就可以直接工作

    或者,您可以将日期存储为LongPoint,这对于我上面的问题中的日期场景来说是最有效的,其中日期是一个时间点,每个字段存储一个日期

    Calendar fromDate = ...
    doc.add(new LongPoint(FIELDNAME, fromDate.getTimeInMillis()));
    

    但就像DatePrefixTree建议的那样,这需要编写硬编码查询

    Query pointRangeQueryHardCoded = LongPoint.newRangeQuery(FIELDNAME, fromDate.getTimeInMillis(), toDate.getTimeInMillis());
    

    即使在这里,如果以下方法被生成长点范围查询的版本覆盖,也可以重用QueryParser

    org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.QueryParserBase#newRangeQuery(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String, boolean, boolean)
    

    对于datePrefix树版本也可以这样做,但只有在以下情况下,此方案才有价值:

    • 你想通过一些不寻常的标记进行搜索(我相信它可以适应周一)
    • 每个文档字段都有多个日期
    • 您正在存储需要查询的日期范围

    对查询解析器进行调整,使其具有一个方便的术语,能够捕获我想象中的所有相关场景,对于最后一个案例来说,这将是相当多的工作

    此外,请注意不要将日期(年、月、日)与GregoriaCalendar(年、月、日)混用,因为参数不相等,会导致问题

    请参阅java.util.Date#Date(int, int, int),了解参数之间的差异以及为什么不推荐使用此构造函数。根据问题中的代码,这让我大吃一惊

    再次感谢femtoRgon指出了空间搜索的机制,但最终这不是我要走的路

  2. # 2 楼答案

    QueryParser在搜索空间字段时不会有用,分析器也不会产生任何影响。分析器设计用于标记和转换文本。因此,它们不被空间场使用。类似地,QueryParser主要面向文本搜索,不支持空间查询

    您需要使用空间查询进行查询。特别是AbstractPrefixTreeQuery的子类将非常有用

    例如,如果我想查询其时间字段范围包含2003-2005年的文档,我可以创建如下查询:

    Shape queryShape = prefixTree.toRangeShape(
        prefixTree.toUnitShape(new GregorianCalendar(2003,1,1)), 
        prefixTree.toUnitShape(new GregorianCalendar(2005,12,31)));
    
    Query q = new ContainsPrefixTreeQuery(
              queryShape,
              "time",
              prefixTree,
              10,
              false
      );
    

    因此,这将匹配已编制索引的文档,例如,范围为2000-01-01到2006-01-01

    或者换一种方式,匹配范围完全在查询范围内的所有文档:

    Shape queryShape = prefixTree.toRangeShape(
        prefixTree.toUnitShape(new GregorianCalendar(1990,1,1)), 
        prefixTree.toUnitShape(new GregorianCalendar(2020,12,31)));
    
    Query q = new WithinPrefixTreeQuery(
              queryShape,
              "time",
              prefixTree,
              10,
              -1,
              -1
      );
    

    关于参数的注意:我不太理解这些查询的一些参数,尤其是detailLevel和prefixGridScanLevel。还没有找到任何关于它们是如何工作的文档。这些值似乎在我的基本测试中起作用,但我不知道最好的选择是什么