java Spring测试服务类模拟实用程序类Junit和Mockito

Question

我想使用Junit + Mockito.为spring框架的服务层编写测试用例

如何使用我的ServiceTest类调用实际的服务层方法，如果我模拟ServiceTest类，那么它的对象不会执行实际的服务方法代码，因为它不会让对象调用它的方法，如果我尝试使用Spy，它仍然不工作，I tried this example 我仍然无法执行测试用例

我的服务。java

@Service
 public class MyService{

    @Autowired
    Utility utility;

    public String showResult(){

    String result = utility.getName();

    return result;
    }
    }

我的服务测试。java

    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(loader=AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader.class)
    @WebAppConfiguration
    public class MyServiceTest {

        @Autowired
        MyService myService;


        @Autowired
        Utility utility; 




        @Test
        public void testShowResult() throws Exception {

            assertEquals("Test",myService.showResult());

        }

        @Configuration
        static class MykServiceTestContextConfiguration {

            @Bean
            public MyService myService() {
                return new MyService();
            }           

            @Bean
            public Utility utility() {
                return Mockito.mock(Utility.class);
            }
        }

    }

Answer 1

您必须首先模拟Utility类，然后在使用MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this)调用@Test之前调用它，如下所示：

我的服务测试。java

import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(loader = AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class MyServiceTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private MyService myService;

    @Mock
    private Utility utility;

    @Before
    public void setupMock() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testShowResult() throws Exception {
        when(utility.getName()).thenReturn("Test");
        Assert.assertEquals("Test", myService.showResult());
    }

    @Configuration
    static class MykServiceTestContextConfiguration {

        @Bean
        public MyService myService() {
            return new MyService();
        }

        @Bean
        public Utility utility() {
            return new Utility();
        }
    }

}

我的服务。java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MyService {

    @Autowired
    private Utility utility;

    public String showResult() {
        String result = utility.getName();
        return result;
    }
}

实用程序。java

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Utility {
    public String getName() {
        return "hello";
    }

}

Answer 2

使用@MockBean怎么样？它适合Spring+JUnit，并且可能需要实现模拟行为

我猜Utility.getName()在测试用例中返回“Test”

下面是我试过的测试代码

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(loader = AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class MyServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    MyService myService;

    @MockBean
    Utility utility;

    @Test
    public void testShowResult() throws Exception {
        Mockito.when(utility.getName()).thenReturn("Test");

        assertEquals("Test", myService.showResult());
    }

    @Configuration
    static class MykServiceTestContextConfiguration {

        @Bean
        public MyService myService() {
            return new MyService();
        }
    }
}