列表（文件）将\n附加到每个lin

Question

正在阅读文档（https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/inputoutput.html）：

For reading lines from a file, you can loop over the file object. This is memory efficient, fast, and leads to simple code:

If you want to read all the lines of a file in a list you can also use list(f) or f.readlines().

所以我试了一下：

with open(file) as f:
    dictionary = sorted(list(f))
#debug
print dictionary

结果是：

['anuria\n', 'anus\n', 'anuses\n', 'anvil\n', 'anvils\n', 'anxiety\n',
'anxious\n ', 'any\n', 'anybody\n', 'anyhow\n', 'anymore\n',
'anyone\n', 'anyplace\n', 'any thing\n', 'anytime\n', 'anyway\n',
'anywhere\n', 'anywise\n', 'aorta\n', 'aortae \n', 'aortal\n',
'aortas\n', 'aortic\n', 'aortitis\n', 'aoudad\n', 'aoudads\n',
'apace\n', 'apache\n', 'apaches\n', 'apanage\n', 'apart\n',
'apathies\n', 'apathy'...]

两个问题：

1. 为什么\n换行提要存在？

2. 有办法把它去掉吗？或者我必须使用readline()并手动追加？

Answer 1

您可以做的一些事情：可以使用strip删除换行符：

with open(file) as f:
    dictionary = sorted(map(str.strip,list(f)))
    #debug
print dictionary

您可以使用切片，因为最后一个字符始终是换行符：

dictionary = []
with open(file) as f:
    for x in f:
        dictionary.append(x[:-1])   # it will append everything except last character that is newline
    #debug
print sorted(dictionary)

让lambda来做：

with open(file) as f:
    dictionary = sorted(map(lambda x:x[:-1],f))
    #debug
print dictionary