将交互式Matplotlib图嵌入Tkinter？

Question

我有一个交互式绘图的代码，它允许通过鼠标滚动查看三维图像。它还包括一个滑动条来调整对比度。你知道吗

我一直在尝试将其嵌入到Tkinter GUI中，例如借助以下示例代码：https://matplotlib.org/examples/user_interfaces/embedding_in_tk.html

但我真的不明白我的代码应该放在哪里。你知道吗

这是我目前拥有的应用程序：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider

class IndexTracker(object):
    def __init__(self, ax, X):
        self.ax = ax
        ax.set_title('use scroll wheel to navigate images')
        self.X = X
        rows, cols, self.slices = X.shape
        self.ind = self.slices//2
        self.im = ax.imshow(self.X[:, :, self.ind], cmap='gray')
        self.update()

    def onscroll(self, event):
        print("%s %s" % (event.button, event.step))
        if event.button == 'up':
            self.ind = (self.ind + 1) % self.slices
        else:
            self.ind = (self.ind - 1) % self.slices        
        self.update()

    def contrast(self, event):
        print('Changing contrast')
        print(smax.val)
        self.im.set_clim([0,smax.val])        
        self.update()

    def update(self):
        self.im.set_data(self.X[:, :, self.ind])
        self.ax.set_ylabel('slice %s' % self.ind)
        self.im.axes.figure.canvas.draw()


##### Create some random volumetric data

im = np.array(np.random.rand(10,10,10))

##### Initialize Tracker object with the data and Slider

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1,1)    
axmax  = fig.add_axes([0.25, 0.01, 0.65, 0.03])
smax = Slider(axmax, 'Max', 0, np.max(im), valinit=50)
tracker = IndexTracker(ax, im)
fig.canvas.mpl_connect('scroll_event', tracker.onscroll)
smax.on_changed(tracker.contrast)

plt.show()

我不明白我到底需要嵌入到Tkinter应用程序中的是什么，是fig，还是IndexTracker？如何替换fig.canvas.mpl_connect('scroll_event', tracker.onscroll)，使其在tkintergui中工作？你知道吗

Answer 1

把它嵌入到tkinter中没有什么特别的——首先创建一个FigureCanvasTkAgg对象，然后完成其余的工作。唯一需要更改的是使用Figure，而不是plt，这在引用的示例中显示。你知道吗

import numpy as np
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

class IndexTracker(object):
    ...


import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
fig = Figure()
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, root)
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(fill="both", expand=True)

im = np.array(np.random.rand(10,10,10))

ax = fig.subplots(1,1)

axmax  = fig.add_axes([0.25, 0.01, 0.65, 0.03])
smax = Slider(axmax, 'Max', 0, np.max(im), valinit=50)
tracker = IndexTracker(ax, im)
canvas.mpl_connect('scroll_event', tracker.onscroll)
canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', tracker.contrast) #add this for contrast change
root.mainloop()