python csv和JSON文件的编码/解码疑难解答

Question

我最初转储了一个包含特定句子的文件，使用：

 with open(labelFile, "wb") as out:
        json.dump(result, out,indent=4)

JSON中的这句话看起来像：

"-LSB- 97 -RSB- However , the influx of immigrants from mainland China , approximating NUMBER_SLOT per year , is a significant contributor to its population growth \u00c3 cents \u00c2 $ \u00c2 `` a daily quota of 150 Mainland Chinese with family ties in LOCATION_SLOT are granted a `` one way permit '' .", 

然后我继续通过以下方式将其加载到：

with open(sys.argv[1]) as sentenceFile:
    sentenceFile = json.loads(sentenceFile.read())

对其进行处理，然后使用以下命令将其写入CSV：

with open(sys.argv[2], 'wb') as csvfile:
    fieldnames = ['x','y','z'
                  ]
    writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, fieldnames=fieldnames)
    writer.writeheader()
    for sentence in sentence2locations2values:
         sentence = unicode(sentence['parsedSentence']).encode("utf-8")
         writer.writerow({'x': sentence})

在Excel for Mac中打开的CSV文件中有这样一句话：

-LSB- 97 -RSB- However , the influx of immigrants from mainland China , approximating NUMBER_SLOT per year , is a significant contributor to its population growth à cents  $  `` a daily quota of 150 Mainland Chinese with family ties in LOCATION_SLOT are granted a `` one way permit '' .

然后，我继续将这个从Excel for Mac转到Google Sheets，在那里：

-LSB- 97 -RSB- However , the influx of immigrants from mainland China , approximating NUMBER_SLOT per year , is a significant contributor to its population growth à cents  $  `` a daily quota of 150 Mainland Chinese with family ties in LOCATION_SLOT are granted a `` one way permit '' .

注意，非常稍微不同的是，Â替换了Ã。你知道吗

然后给它贴上标签，把它带回到Excel for Mac中，这时它又回到：

-LSB- 97 -RSB- However , the influx of immigrants from mainland China , approximating NUMBER_SLOT per year , is a significant contributor to its population growth à cents  $  `` a daily quota of 150 Mainland Chinese with family ties in LOCATION_SLOT are granted a `` one way permit '' .

如何在CSV中读取包含如下句子的内容：

-LSB- 97 -RSB- However , the influx of immigrants from mainland China , approximating NUMBER_SLOT per year , is a significant contributor to its population growth à cents  $  `` a daily quota of 150 Mainland Chinese with family ties in LOCATION_SLOT are granted a `` one way permit '' .

到如下值：

"-LSB- 97 -RSB- However , the influx of immigrants from mainland China , approximating 45,000 per year , is a significant contributor to its population growth \u00c3 cents \u00c2 $ \u00c2 `` a daily quota of 150 Mainland Chinese with family ties in Hong Kong are granted a `` one way permit '' .", 

所以它匹配了这个问题开始时原始json转储中的内容？你知道吗

编辑

我检查了一下，发现从\u00c3到Ã（googlesheets中的格式）的编码实际上是拉丁文8。你知道吗

编辑

我运行了enca，看到原来转储的文件是7位ASCII字符，我的CSV是unicode。所以我需要加载为unicode并转换为7位ASCII？你知道吗

Answer 1

我想出了解决办法。解决方案是将CSV文件从其原始格式（标识为UTF-8）解码，然后句子变成原始的。所以：

csvfile = open(sys.argv[1], 'r')

fieldnames = ("x","y","z")
reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, fieldnames)
next(reader)

for i,row in enumerate(reader):
    row['x'] = row['x'].decode("utf-8")

发生的非常奇怪的事情是，当我在excelformac中编辑CSV文件并保存时，每次它似乎都转换成不同的编码。我警告其他用户这是一个巨大的头痛。你知道吗