如何将特定链接存储为列表，然后单击它们

Question

我一直在遵循一个关于如何在网页上刮http://kanview.ks.gov/PayRates/PayRates_Agency.aspx的教程。图可以在这里找到：https://medium.freecodecamp.org/better-web-scraping-in-python-with-selenium-beautiful-soup-and-pandas-d6390592e251。它的布局类似于我想要搜集信息的网站：https://www.giiresearch.com/topics/TL11.shtml。我唯一的问题是，giiresearch网站上的报告标题链接没有按照时间顺序排列，例如，以下是gii研究

a href="/report/an806147-fixed-mobile-convergence-from-challenger-operators.html">Fixed-Mobile Convergence from Challenger Operators: Case Studies and Analysis</a>

a href="/annual/an378138-convergence-strategies.html">Convergence Strategies</a>

kanview网站上的链接遵循一个顺序，例如

a id="MainContent_uxLevel2_JobTitles_uxJobTitleBtn_1" href="javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$MainContent$uxLevel2_JobTitles$ctl03$uxJobTitleBtn','')">Academic Advisor</a

a id="MainContent_uxLevel2_JobTitles_uxJobTitleBtn_2" href="javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$MainContent$uxLevel2_JobTitles$ctl04$uxJobTitleBtn','')">Academic Program Specialist</a>

这意味着我不能在我的项目中使用他们代码行中使用的方法：

python_button = driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_uxLevel2_JobTitles_uxJobTitleBtn_' + str(x))

我试着按类名查找元素，但所有链接都有相同的类名“list title”，因此for循环只打开第一个链接，不再继续。你知道吗

我在想，应该有一种方法将报表标题链接存储在列表中，这样我就可以逐个打开它们，检索有关每个报表的更多信息，并将其保存在excel工作表中。你知道吗

这是一个项目，我想编译一个竞争对手的报告与他们的标题，价格，出版商，出版日期等统计数据的市场分析excel表。你知道吗

这是我的密码：

from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
import pandas as pd
from tabulate import tabulate
import os

#launch url
url = "https://www.giiresearch.com/topics/TL11.shtml"

# create a new Chrome session
driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager().install())
driver.implicitly_wait(30)
driver.get(url)

#Selenium hands the page source to Beautiful Soup
soup_level1=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source, 'lxml')


datalist = [] #empty list
x = 0 #counter

#Beautiful Soup finds all Job Title links on the agency page and the loop begins
for link in soup_level1.find_all("div", {"class": "list_title"}):

    #Selenium visits each Job Title page
    python_button = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('list_title')
    python_button.click() #click link

    #Selenium hands of the source of the specific job page to Beautiful Soup
    soup_level2=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source, 'lxml')

    #Beautiful Soup grabs the HTML table on the page
    table = soup_level2.find_all('table')[0]

    #Giving the HTML table to pandas to put in a dataframe object
    df = pd.read_html(str(table),header=0)

    #Store the dataframe in a list
    datalist.append(df[0])

    #Ask Selenium to click the back button
    driver.execute_script("window.history.go(-1)")

    #increment the counter variable before starting the loop over
    x += 1

    #end loop block

#loop has completed

#end the Selenium browser session
driver.quit()

#combine all pandas dataframes in the list into one big dataframe
result = pd.concat([pd.DataFrame(datalist[i]) for i in range(len(datalist))],ignore_index=True)

#convert the pandas dataframe to JSON
json_records = result.to_json(orient='records')

#pretty print to CLI with tabulate
#converts to an ascii table
print(tabulate(result, headers=["Report Title","Publisher","Published Date","Price"],tablefmt='psql'))

#get current working directory
path = os.getcwd()

#open, write, and close the file
f = open(path + "\\fhsu_payroll_data.json","w") #FHSU
f.write(json_records)
f.close()

Answer 1

您可以使用css选择器中的子a标记元素与父类的关系来存储报表标题链接。虽然您可以从访问的页面中获取标题，但您也可以在列表中收集元组[(link.get_attribute('href') , link.text) for link in ....... 然后解压成可以循环的独立元组。你知道吗

代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

url = 'https://www.giiresearch.com/topics/TL11.shtml'
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)
titles, links = zip(*[(link.text, link.get_attribute('href')) for link in WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".list_title a")))]) #separate tuples
dates = [item.text for item in driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('.plist_dateinfo .plist_info_dd2')]
data = list(zip(dates, titles, links))

然后可以循环links元组和driver.get每个元组。你知道吗

你有标题和日期信息，以防你想做任何其他事情。例如：

print(data[3])

给予

('January 30, 2019', 'Global Telco Converged Plans & Bundles Insights 2019: A Look at Bundling Strategies from Around the World', 'https://www.giiresearch.com/report/wise780587-global-telco-converged-plans-bundles-insights-look.html')