具有属性的python枚举

Question

考虑：

class Item:
   def __init__(self, a, b):
       self.a = a
       self.b = b

class Items:
    GREEN = Item('a', 'b')
    BLUE = Item('c', 'd')

有没有办法使简单枚举的思想适应这种情况？（请参见this question）理想情况下，就像在Java中一样，我希望将其全部塞进一个类中。

Java模型：

enum EnumWithAttrs {
    GREEN("a", "b"),
    BLUE("c", "d");

    EnumWithAttrs(String a, String b) {
      this.a = a;
      this.b = b;
    }

    private String a;
    private String b;

    /* accessors and other java noise */
}

Answer 1

对于Python 3：

class Status(Enum):
    READY = "ready", "I'm ready to do whatever is needed"
    ERROR = "error", "Something went wrong here"

    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
        obj = object.__new__(cls)
        obj._value_ = args[0]
        return obj

    # ignore the first param since it's already set by __new__
    def __init__(self, _: str, description: str = None):
        self._description_ = description

    def __str__(self):
        return self.value

    # this makes sure that the description is read-only
    @property
    def description(self):
        return self._description_

并且可以按类型将其用作标准枚举或工厂：

print(Status.READY)
# ready
print(Status.READY.description)
# I'm ready to do whatever is needed
print(Status("ready")) # this does not create a new object
# ready