为什么Python不使用工作目录以及如何修复它？

Question

我有个问题，要花很长时间来解释，所以我要把它分解成有趣的部分。我试着用kconfiglib.py公司. 这是我的代码（of config.in）

[intro_code]
source "b.in"

我的代码在[简介代码]中做它应该做的事情。我不确定source是否是一个python关键字，但它是关于输入/包含一个不同的文件（这里的文件名为b.in，与执行的脚本位于同一个文件夹中）

错误消息：现在运行脚本时，出现以下错误消息：

IOError: config.in:51: sourced file "b.in" (expands to
"b.in") not found. Perhaps base_dir
(argument to Config.__init__(), currently
"$srctree") is set to the wrong value.

我要解决的问题：我尝试将工作目录更改为Sourcecodes（即config.in和b.in所在的位置）位于config.in之上：

os.chdir("/home/fedor/Sourcecodes") 
retval = os.getcwd()
print "Directory changed successfully %s" % retval

在执行过程中，它返回：

Directory changed successfully /home/fedor/Sourcecodes

因此，目录似乎是正常的，但同样的错误消息出现无论如何。你知道吗

它在时工作：使用到b.in（比如source "/home/fedor/Sourcecodes/b.in")）的绝对路径，它就工作了，但我不能这样使用脚本。你知道吗

有人知道如何让python与执行的脚本在同一个目录中查找吗？你知道吗

[编辑：]如您所愿，完整代码：

我叫python /home/fedor/Sourcecodes/Kconfiglib/examples/print_tree.py /home/fedor/Sourcecodes/config.in

kconfiglib示例中的print_tree.py：

# Prints a tree of all items in the configuration

import kconfiglib
import sys
import os

os.chdir("/home/fedor/BR1311") 


retval = os.getcwd()

print "Directory changed successfully %s" % retval

def print_with_indent(s, indent):
    print (" " * indent) + s

def print_items(items, indent):
    for item in items:
        if item.is_symbol():
            print_with_indent("config {0}".format(item.get_name()), indent)
        elif item.is_menu():
            print_with_indent('menu "{0}"'.format(item.get_title()), indent)
            print_items(item.get_items(), indent + 2)
        elif item.is_choice():
            print_with_indent('choice', indent)
            print_items(item.get_items(), indent + 2)
        elif item.is_comment():
            print_with_indent('comment "{0}"'.format(item.get_text()), indent)

conf = kconfiglib.Config(sys.argv[1])
print_items(conf.get_top_level_items(), 0)

---

config.in

menu "Audio and video applications"
config BR2_PACKAGE_WIPE
    bool "wipe"
    help
      Wipe is a little command for securely erasing files
      from magnetic media. It compiles under various unix platforms.

      http://wipe.sourceforge.net

config BR2_PACKAGE_BONNIE
    bool "bonnie++"
    depends on BR2_INSTALL_LIBSTDCPP
    depends on BR2_USE_MMU # fork()
    help
      Filesystem tester

      http://www.coker.com.au/bonnie++/

comment "bonnie++ needs a toolchain w/ C++"
    depends on BR2_USE_MMU
    depends on !BR2_INSTALL_LIBSTDCPP
endmenu

source "b.in"

---

以及b.in（与config.in完全相同，但最后缺少source命令）：

menu "Audio and video applications"
config BR2_PACKAGE_WIPE
    bool "wipe"
    help
      Wipe is a little command for securely erasing files
      from magnetic media. It compiles under various unix platforms.

      http://wipe.sourceforge.net

config BR2_PACKAGE_BONNIE
    bool "bonnie++"
    depends on BR2_INSTALL_LIBSTDCPP
    depends on BR2_USE_MMU # fork()
    help
      Filesystem tester

      http://www.coker.com.au/bonnie++/

comment "bonnie++ needs a toolchain w/ C++"
    depends on BR2_USE_MMU
    depends on !BR2_INSTALL_LIBSTDCPP
endmenu

Answer 1

答案就在您发布的错误消息中：

Perhaps base_dir (argument to Config.__init__(), currently "$srctree") 
is set to the wrong value.

查看github上的source，__init__类的Config使用多个参数，所有参数都带有默认值。你知道吗

def __init__(self,
             filename = "Kconfig",
             base_dir = "$srctree",
             print_warnings = True,
             print_undef_assign = False):

…在类的docstring中，base_dir参数解释如下：

base_dir (default: "$srctree")   The base directory relative to which
'source' statements within Kconfig files will work. For the
Linux kernel this should be the top-level directory of the
kernel tree. $-references to environment variables will be
expanded.

The environment variable 'srctree' is set by the Linux makefiles
to the top-level kernel directory. A default of "." would not
work if an alternative build directory is used.

我怀疑如果你把'/home/fedor/BR1311'传给这个__init__，而不是改成它，比如：

conf = kconfiglib.Config(sys.argv[1], '/home/fedor/BR1311')

事情会好得多。你知道吗