Windows上的Python和MySQL：安装错误

Question

我试图在Django项目的文件夹中运行以下命令：

$ python manage.py dbshell

它显示了这个错误：

$python manage.py dbshell
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 11, in <module>
    execute_manager(settings)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line
362, in execute_manager
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line
303, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 195,
 in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 222,
 in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 351,
 in handle
    return self.handle_noargs(**options)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\dbshell.py
", line 9, in handle_noargs
    from django.db import connection
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\db\__init__.py", line 41, in <modul
e>
    backend = load_backend(settings.DATABASE_ENGINE)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\db\__init__.py", line 17, in load_b
ackend
    return import_module('.base', 'django.db.backends.%s' % backend_name)
  File "C:\Python25\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\importlib.py", line 35, in im
port_module
    __import__(name)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 13
, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No mo
dule named MySQLdb

第一个问题是，为什么Python不简单地包含这个MySQLdb模块？

好的，很好，尝试搜索以解决此消息。

我在stackoverflow.com上到处寻找安装这个模块的方法，但是没有得到一个好的结果。

在http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/下载此模块

在我的WindowsVista系统上安装此模块。 提取包后，我运行cmd提示符继续安装：

$ python setup.py install

它再次向我展示了另一个信息：

D:\SOFTWARE\PROGRAMMING\MySQL-python-1.2.3c1>python setup.py install
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 5, in <module>
    from setuptools import setup, Extension
ImportError: No module named setuptools

在处理这个错误消息时，我知道包中存在ez_setup.py：

$python ez_setup.py

似乎一切都很好：

D:\SOFTWARE\PROGRAMMING\MySQL-python-1.2.3c1>python ez_setup.py
Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/2.5/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c9-py
2.5.egg
Processing setuptools-0.6c9-py2.5.egg
Copying setuptools-0.6c9-py2.5.egg to c:\python25\lib\site-packages
Adding setuptools 0.6c9 to easy-install.pth file
Installing easy_install-script.py script to C:\Python25\Scripts
Installing easy_install.exe script to C:\Python25\Scripts
Installing easy_install-2.5-script.py script to C:\Python25\Scripts
Installing easy_install-2.5.exe script to C:\Python25\Scripts

Installed c:\python25\lib\site-packages\setuptools-0.6c9-py2.5.egg
Processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c9
Finished processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c9

现在返回到setup.py重新安装：

$python setup.py install

它又给了我一个错误信息：

D:\SOFTWARE\PROGRAMMING\MySQL-python-1.2.3c1>python setup.py install
running install
running bdist_egg
....
copying MySQLdb\constants\CLIENT.py -> build\lib.win32-2.5\MySQLdb\constants
running build_ext
error: Python was built with Visual Studio 2003;
extensions must be built with a compiler than can generate compatible binaries.
Visual Studio 2003 was not found on this system. If you have Cygwin installed,
you can try compiling with MingW32, by passing "-c mingw32" to setup.py.

我怎样才能解决这个问题？

Answer 1

我曾经在同一台计算机上运行Python和MySQL时遇到同样的问题。像上面提到的guys/gals一样，Python没有对MySQL的内置支持，因此您需要下载连接器。

上面由@kibitzer给出的链接很可能无法在Windows上成功工作，所以请使用here to download一个与Windows一起工作的连接器的副本。它附带安装程序，不需要手动运行setup.py脚本。