在python中使用regex提取多个特定单词之间的子字符串

Question

正则表达式子字符串

我想从字符串中提取电话、传真、手机如果没有，它可以返回空字符串。我要3个电话，传真，从任何给定的文本字符串的例子移动列表如下所示。你知道吗

ex1 = "miramar road margie shoop san diego ca 12793 manager  phone 6035550160 fax 6035550161 mobile 6035550178  marsgies travel  wwwmarpiestravelcom"
ex2 = "david packard electrical engineering  350 serra mall room 170 phone 650 7259327  stanford university fax 650 723 1882 stanford california 943059505 ulateecestanfordedu"
ex3 = "stanford  electrical  engineering  vijay chandrasekhar  electrical engineering 17 comstock circle apt 101  stanford ca 94305  phone 9162210411"

正则表达式可以这样：

phone_regex  = re.match(".*phone(.*)fax(.*)mobile(.*)",ex1)
phone = [re.sub("[^0-9]","",x) for x in phone_regex.groups()][0]
mobile = [re.sub("[^0-9]","",x) for x in phone_regex.groups()][2]
fax = [re.sub("[^0-9]","",x) for x in phone_regex.groups()][1]

Result from ex1:
phone = 6035550160
fax = 6035550161
mobile = 6035550178

ex2没有mobile条目，因此我得到：

Traceback (most recent call last):
phone = [re.sub("[^0-9]", "", x) for x in phone_regex.groups()][0]
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'groups'

问题
我需要一个更好的正则表达式解决方案，因为我是正则表达式的新手， 或者，一个解决方案，捕获AttributeError并分配null string。你知道吗

Answer 1

您可以这样使用一个简单的re.findall：

dict(re.findall(r'\b({})\s*(\d+)'.format("|".join(keys)), ex))

正则表达式看起来像

\b(phone|fax|mobile)\s*(\d+)

参见regex demo online。你知道吗

图案细节

• \b-单词边界
• (phone|fax|mobile)-第1组：列出的单词之一
• \s*-0+空格
• (\d+)-第2组：一个或多个数字

参见Python demo：

import re
exs = ["miramar road margie shoop san diego ca 12793 manager  phone 6035550160 fax 6035550161 mobile 6035550178  marsgies travel  wwwmarpiestravelcom",
   "david packard electrical engineering  350 serra mall room 170 phone 650 7259327  stanford university fax 650 723 1882 stanford california 943059505 ulateecestanfordedu", 
   "stanford  electrical  engineering  vijay chandrasekhar  electrical engineering 17 comstock circle apt 101  stanford ca 94305  phone 9162210411"]
keys = ['phone', 'fax', 'mobile']
for ex in exs:
    res = dict(re.findall(r'\b({})\s*(\d+)'.format("|".join(keys)), ex))
    print(res)

输出：

{'fax': '6035550161', 'phone': '6035550160', 'mobile': '6035550178'}
{'fax': '650', 'phone': '650'}
{'phone': '9162210411'}