Image.open出错无法识别图像fi

Question

我试图用PIL的图像功能打开geotiff文件。它会引发错误：

OSError: cannot identify image file 'Whatever\\image\\I\\use.tiff'

我看到有人问我一个问题，例如，解决方案要么使用

Import Image 

而不是

From PIL import Image

这是我认为过时的解决方案；我不能导入图像。另一个解决方案是将枕头升级到2.9，但5年后我们的版本是5.0.0。我也尝试了4.0.0，但我收到了同样的错误。 有最新的解决方案吗？

这是我的代码，here是指向文件的链接：

image_path = 'each\\image\\I\\use.tiff'

from PIL import Image
Image.open(image_path)

Answer 1

你有一个多通道32位TIFF图像，枕头还不支持这种格式。见issue #1888：

Pillow (and PIL) is currently able to open 8 bit per channel multi-channel images (such as RGB) but is able to open higher bit depth images (e.g. I16, I32, or Float32 images) if they are single channel (e.g., grayscale).

[...]

Requirements

• We should be able to support common GIS formats as well as high bit depth RGB(A) images.
• At least 4 channels, but potentially more (see #1839)
• Different pixel formats, including I16, I32, and Float.

我通过直接使用TIFF插件图像读取器（启用调试模式）确定了这一点：

from PIL import TiffImagePlugin
TiffImagePlugin.DEBUG = True
with open(image_path, 'rb') as f:
    TiffImagePlugin.TiffImageFile(f)

其中包括输出：

tag: BitsPerSample (258) - type: short (3) Tag Location: 46 - Data Location: 218 - value: (32, 32, 32)

（下面是完整的调试输出）

您可以使用Python GDAL bindings来读取此格式。您还可以使用^{} command line utility将文件转换为枕头可以处理的格式；对于多波段，您必须降到8位或移到灰度。

例如，要将输入文件转换为PNG，可以使用：

gdal_translate -of PNG rgb_CGI.tiff rgb_CGI.png

之后枕头可以打开PNG文件。

---

Pillow的TIFF插件的完整调试输出：

>>> from PIL import TiffImagePlugin
>>> TiffImagePlugin.DEBUG = True
>>> with open(image_path, 'rb') as f:
...     TiffImagePlugin.TiffImageFile(f)
...
*** TiffImageFile._open ***
- __first: 8
- ifh:  b'II*\x00\x08\x00\x00\x00'
Seeking to frame 0, on frame -1, __next 8, location: 8
Loading tags, location: 8
tag: ImageWidth (256) - type: short (3) - value: 2924
tag: ImageLength (257) - type: short (3) - value: 2088
tag: BitsPerSample (258) - type: short (3) Tag Location: 46 - Data Location: 218 - value: (32, 32, 32)
tag: Compression (259) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: PhotometricInterpretation (262) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: StripOffsets (273) - type: long (4) Tag Location: 82 - Data Location: 8576 - value: <table: 8352 bytes>
tag: SamplesPerPixel (277) - type: short (3) - value: 3
tag: RowsPerStrip (278) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: StripByteCounts (279) - type: long (4) Tag Location: 118 - Data Location: 224 - value: <table: 8352 bytes>
tag: PlanarConfiguration (284) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: ExtraSamples (338) - type: short (3) - value: (0, 0)
tag: SampleFormat (339) - type: short (3) Tag Location: 154 - Data Location: 16928 - value: (2, 2, 2)
tag: ModelPixelScaleTag (33550) - type: double (12) Tag Location: 166 - Data Location: 16934 - value: (0.25, 0.25, 0.0)
tag: ModelTiepointTag (33922) - type: double (12) Tag Location: 178 - Data Location: 16958 - value: <table: 48 bytes>
tag: GeoKeyDirectoryTag (34735) - type: short (3) Tag Location: 190 - Data Location: 17006 - value: <table: 72 bytes>
tag: GeoDoubleParamsTag (34736) - type: double (12) Tag Location: 202 - Data Location: 17078 - value: <table: 56 bytes>
tag: GeoAsciiParamsTag (34737) - type: string (2) Tag Location: 214 - Data Location: 17134 - value: Amersfoort / RD New|Amersfoort|
tag: ImageWidth (256) - type: short (3) - value: 2924
tag: ImageLength (257) - type: short (3) - value: 2088
tag: BitsPerSample (258) - type: short (3) Tag Location: 46 - Data Location: 218 - value: (32, 32, 32)
tag: Compression (259) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: PhotometricInterpretation (262) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: StripOffsets (273) - type: long (4) Tag Location: 82 - Data Location: 8576 - value: <table: 8352 bytes>
tag: SamplesPerPixel (277) - type: short (3) - value: 3
tag: RowsPerStrip (278) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: StripByteCounts (279) - type: long (4) Tag Location: 118 - Data Location: 224 - value: <table: 8352 bytes>
tag: PlanarConfiguration (284) - type: short (3) - value: 1
tag: ExtraSamples (338) - type: short (3) - value: (0, 0)
tag: SampleFormat (339) - type: short (3) Tag Location: 154 - Data Location: 16928 - value: (2, 2, 2)
tag: ModelPixelScaleTag (33550) - type: double (12) Tag Location: 166 - Data Location: 16934 - value: (0.25, 0.25, 0.0)
tag: ModelTiepointTag (33922) - type: double (12) Tag Location: 178 - Data Location: 16958 - value: <table: 48 bytes>
tag: GeoKeyDirectoryTag (34735) - type: short (3) Tag Location: 190 - Data Location: 17006 - value: <table: 72 bytes>
tag: GeoDoubleParamsTag (34736) - type: double (12) Tag Location: 202 - Data Location: 17078 - value: <table: 56 bytes>
tag: GeoAsciiParamsTag (34737) - type: string (2) Tag Location: 214 - Data Location: 17134 - value: Amersfoort / RD New|Amersfoort|
*** Summary ***
- compression: raw
- photometric_interpretation: 1
- planar_configuration: 1
- fill_order: 1
- size: (2924, 2088)
format key: (b'II', 1, (2, 2, 2), 1, (32, 32, 32), (0, 0))
- unsupported format
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/mjpieters/Development/venvs/stackoverflow-3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py", line 1196, in _setup
    self.mode, rawmode = OPEN_INFO[key]
KeyError: (b'II', 1, (2, 2, 2), 1, (32, 32, 32), (0, 0))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/mjpieters/Development/venvs/stackoverflow-3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/ImageFile.py", line 102, in __init__
    self._open()
  File "/Users/mjpieters/Development/venvs/stackoverflow-3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py", line 950, in _open
    self._seek(0)
  File "/Users/mjpieters/Development/venvs/stackoverflow-3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py", line 1017, in _seek
    self._setup()
  File "/Users/mjpieters/Development/venvs/stackoverflow-3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py", line 1200, in _setup
    raise SyntaxError("unknown pixel mode")
SyntaxError: unknown pixel mode