阅读文本文件并从关键词列表中查找特定单词

Question

我是Python新手，我正在尝试构建一个脚本，在其中导入包含正文的文本文件。我希望脚本阅读正文，并在一个名为（key_words）的列表中查找我定义的特定单词，该列表包含开头有大写字母（Nation）和小写字母（Nation）的单词。在Python完成搜索之后，它将在名为“单词列表”的新文本文件中垂直输出单词列表，以及单词在正文中出现的次数。如果我用文本体读取文本文件2，它也会这样做，但会添加到原始文件的单词列表中。

示例：

字表

文件1：

God: 5
Nation: 4
creater: 8
USA: 3 

文件2：

God: 10
Nation: 14
creater: 2
USA: 1

以下是我目前掌握的情况：

from sys import argv
from string import punctuation

script = argv[0] all_filenames = argv[1:]

print "Text file to import and read: " + all_filenames
print "\nReading file...\n"
text_file = open(all_filenames, 'r')
all_lines = text_file.readlines()
#print all_lines
text_file.close()

for all_filenames in argv[1:]:
   print "I get: " + all_filenames

print "\nFile read finished!"
#print "\nYour file contains the following text information:"
#print "\n" + text_file.read()

#~ for word, count in word_freq.items():
    #~ print word, count

keyWords = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater', 'Country', 'Almighty',
             'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty', 'America', 'Independence', 
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage', 'Proclamation',
             'proclamation', 'United States', 'Emancipation', 'emancipation', 'Constitution',
             'constitution', 'Government', 'Citizens', 'citizens']

for word in keyWords:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "w")

for word in keyWords:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file.close()

也许用这个密码？

import fileinput
for line in fileinput.input('List_of_words.txt', inplace = True):
    if line.startswith('Existing file that was read'):
        #if line starts Existing file that was read then do something here
        print "Existing file that was read"
    elif line.startswith('New file that was read'):
        #if line starts with New file that was read then do something here
        print "New file that was read"
    else:
        print line.strip()

Answer 1

这样你就可以在屏幕上看到结果了。

from sys import argv
from collections import Counter
from string import punctuation

script, filename = argv

text_file = open(filename, 'r')

word_freq = Counter([word.strip(punctuation) for line in text_file for word in line.split()])

#~ for word, count in word_freq.items():
    #~ print word, count

key_words = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater'
             'Country', 'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty',
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage']

for word in key_words:
    if word in word_freq:
        print word, word_freq[word]

现在你必须把它保存在文件中。

更多文件使用

for filename in argv[1:]:
   # do your job

---

编辑：

使用此代码（my_script.py）

for filename in argv[1:]:
   print( "I get", filename )

你可以运行脚本

python my_script.py file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt 

然后得到

I get file1.txt 
I get file2.txt 
I get file3.txt 

你可以用它来计算许多文件中的单词。

-

使用readlines()可以将所有行读入内存，因此需要更多内存-对于非常大的文件，这可能是个问题。

在当前版本中Counter()计算所有行中的所有单词-测试它-但使用较少的内存。
因此，使用readlines()可以得到相同的word_freq，但是使用更多的内存。

-

writelines(list_of_result)不会在每一行后添加“\n”-也不会在“God:3”中添加“：”

最好用类似的东西

output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "w")

for word in key_words:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file.close()

---

编辑：新版本-将结果附加到单词列表的末尾。txt

from sys import argv
from string import punctuation
from collections import *

keyWords = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater', 'Country', 'Almighty',
             'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty', 'America', 'Independence', 
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage', 'Proclamation',
             'proclamation', 'United States', 'Emancipation', 'emancipation', 'Constitution',
             'constitution', 'Government', 'Citizens', 'citizens']


for one_filename in argv[1:]:

    print "Text file to import and read:", one_filename
    print "\nReading file...\n"

    text_file = open(one_filename, 'r')
    all_lines = text_file.readlines()
    text_file.close()

    print "\nFile read finished!"

    word_freq = Counter([word.strip(punctuation) for line in all_lines for word in line.split()])

    print "Append result to the end of file: List_of_words.txt"

    output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "a")

    for word in keyWords:
        if word in word_freq:
            output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

    output_file.close()

---

编辑：将结果总和写入一个文件

from sys import argv
from string import punctuation
from collections import *

keyWords = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater', 'Country', 'Almighty',
             'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty', 'America', 'Independence', 
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage', 'Proclamation',
             'proclamation', 'United States', 'Emancipation', 'emancipation', 'Constitution',
             'constitution', 'Government', 'Citizens', 'citizens']

word_freq = Counter()

for one_filename in argv[1:]:

    print "Text file to import and read:", one_filename
    print "\nReading file...\n"

    text_file = open(one_filename, 'r')
    all_lines = text_file.readlines()
    text_file.close()

    print "\nFile read finished!"

    word_freq.update( [word.strip(punctuation) for line in all_lines for word in line.split()] )

print "Write sum of results: List_of_words.txt"

output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "w")

for word in keyWords:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file.close()