如何在python中转储单个sqlite3表？

Question

我只想转储一个表，但从外观上看，没有用于此的参数。

我找到了这个转储示例，但它适用于所有表：

# Convert file existing_db.db to SQL dump file dump.sql
import sqlite3, os

con = sqlite3.connect('existing_db.db')
with open('dump.sql', 'w') as f:
    for line in con.iterdump():
        f.write('%s\n' % line)

Answer 1

转储实现位于这里http://coverage.livinglogic.de/Lib/sqlite3/dump.py.html（本地路径：PythonPath/Lib/sqlite3/Dump.py）

你可以稍微修改一下：

# Mimic the sqlite3 console shell's .dump command
# Author: Paul Kippes <kippesp@gmail.com>

def _iterdump(connection, table_name):
    """
    Returns an iterator to the dump of the database in an SQL text format.

    Used to produce an SQL dump of the database.  Useful to save an in-memory
    database for later restoration.  This function should not be called
    directly but instead called from the Connection method, iterdump().
    """

    cu = connection.cursor()
    table_name = table_name

    yield('BEGIN TRANSACTION;')

    # sqlite_master table contains the SQL CREATE statements for the database.
    q = """
       SELECT name, type, sql
        FROM sqlite_master
            WHERE sql NOT NULL AND
            type == 'table' AND
            name == :table_name
        """
    schema_res = cu.execute(q, {'table_name': table_name})
    for table_name, type, sql in schema_res.fetchall():
        if table_name == 'sqlite_sequence':
            yield('DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;')
        elif table_name == 'sqlite_stat1':
            yield('ANALYZE sqlite_master;')
        elif table_name.startswith('sqlite_'):
            continue
        else:
            yield('%s;' % sql)

        # Build the insert statement for each row of the current table
        res = cu.execute("PRAGMA table_info('%s')" % table_name)
        column_names = [str(table_info[1]) for table_info in res.fetchall()]
        q = "SELECT 'INSERT INTO \"%(tbl_name)s\" VALUES("
        q += ",".join(["'||quote(" + col + ")||'" for col in column_names])
        q += ")' FROM '%(tbl_name)s'"
        query_res = cu.execute(q % {'tbl_name': table_name})
        for row in query_res:
            yield("%s;" % row[0])

    # Now when the type is 'index', 'trigger', or 'view'
    #q = """
    #    SELECT name, type, sql
    #    FROM sqlite_master
    #        WHERE sql NOT NULL AND
    #        type IN ('index', 'trigger', 'view')
    #    """
    #schema_res = cu.execute(q)
    #for name, type, sql in schema_res.fetchall():
    #    yield('%s;' % sql)

    yield('COMMIT;')

现在它接受表名作为第二个参数。
你可以这样使用它：

with open('dump.sql', 'w') as f:
    for line in _iterdump(con, 'GTS_vehicle'):
        f.write('%s\n' % line)

会得到如下信息：

BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE "GTS_vehicle" ("id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "name" varchar(20) NOT NULL, "company_id" integer NULL, "license_plate" varchar(20) NULL, "icon" varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'baseicon.png', "car_brand" varchar(30) NULL, "content_type_id" integer NULL, "modemID" varchar(100) NULL, "distance" integer NULL, "max_speed" integer NULL DEFAULT 100, "max_rpm" integer NULL DEFAULT 4000, "fuel_tank_volume" integer NULL DEFAULT 70, "max_battery_voltage" integer NULL, "creation_date" datetime NOT NULL, "last_RFID" text NULL);
INSERT INTO "GTS_vehicle" VALUES(1,'lan1_op1_car1',1,'03115','baseicon.png','UFP',16,'lan_op1_car1',NULL,100,4000,70,12,'2011-06-23 11:54:32.395000',NULL);
INSERT INTO "GTS_vehicle" VALUES(2,'lang_op1_car2',1,'03','baseicon.png','ыва',16,'lan_op1_car2',NULL,100,4000,70,12,'2011-06-23 11:55:02.372000',NULL);
INSERT INTO "GTS_vehicle" VALUES(3,'lang_sup_car1',1,'0000','baseicon.png','Fiat',16,'lan_sup_car1',NULL,100,4000,70,12,'2011-06-23 12:32:09.017000',NULL);
INSERT INTO "GTS_vehicle" VALUES(4,'lang_sup_car2',1,'123','baseicon.png','ЗАЗ',16,'lan_sup_car2',NULL,100,4000,70,12,'2011-06-23 12:31:38.108000',NULL);
INSERT INTO "GTS_vehicle" VALUES(9,'lang_op2_car1',1,'','baseicon.png','',16,'1233211234',NULL,100,4000,70,12,'2011-07-05 13:32:09.865000',NULL);
INSERT INTO "GTS_vehicle" VALUES(11,'Big RIder',1,'','baseicon.png','0311523',16,'111',NULL,100,4000,70,20,'2011-07-07 12:12:40.358000',NULL);
COMMIT;

Answer 2

只能复制内存数据库中的单个表：

import sqlite3

def getTableDump(db_file, table_to_dump):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(':memory:')    
    cu = conn.cursor()
    cu.execute("attach database '" + db_file + "' as attached_db")
    cu.execute("select sql from attached_db.sqlite_master "
               "where type='table' and name='" + table_to_dump + "'")
    sql_create_table = cu.fetchone()[0]
    cu.execute(sql_create_table);
    cu.execute("insert into " + table_to_dump +
               " select * from attached_db." + table_to_dump)
    conn.commit()
    cu.execute("detach database attached_db")
    return "\n".join(conn.iterdump())

TABLE_TO_DUMP = 'table_to_dump'
DB_FILE = 'db_file'

print getTableDump(DB_FILE, TABLE_TO_DUMP)

专业版： 简单性和可靠性：您不必重新编写任何库方法，而且您更确信代码与未来版本的sqlite3模块兼容。

继续： 您需要将整个表加载到内存中，这可能是一个大问题，也可能不是一个大问题，这取决于表的大小和可用内存的大小。

Answer 3

通过iterdump（），所有信息将显示如下：

INSERT INTO "name" VALUES(1, 'John')
INSERT INTO "name" VALUES(2, 'Jane')
INSERT INTO "phone" VALUES(1, '111000')
INSERT INTO "phone" VALUES(2, '111001')

一个简单的方法是通过string.startswith（）方法过滤某些关键字。 例如，表名是“phone”：

# Convert file existing_db.db to SQL dump file dump.sql
import sqlite3, os

con = sqlite3.connect('existing_db.db')
with open('dump.sql', 'w') as f:
    for line in con.iterdump():
        if line.startswith('INSERT INTO "phone"'):
            f.write('%s\n' % line)

不是很聪明，但能符合你的目标。