用Stanford NLP（Stanfordnertager和Stanfordpostager）为西班牙语设置NLTK

Question

在这种集成中，NLTK文档相当糟糕。我followed的步骤是：

• 下载http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-postagger-full-2015-04-20.zip到/home/me/stanford

• 下载http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-spanish-corenlp-2015-01-08-models.jar到/home/me/stanford

然后在控制台中：

在[11]：导入nltk

In [12]: nltk.__version__
Out[12]: '3.1'

In [13]: from nltk.tag import StanfordNERTagger

那么

st = StanfordNERTagger('/home/me/stanford/stanford-postagger-full-2015-04-20.zip', '/home/me/stanford/stanford-spanish-corenlp-2015-01-08-models.jar')

但当我试着运行它时：

st.tag('Adolfo se la pasa corriendo'.split())
Error: no se ha encontrado o cargado la clase principal edu.stanford.nlp.ie.crf.CRFClassifier

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
OSError                                   Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-14-0c1a96b480a6> in <module>()
----> 1 st.tag('Adolfo se la pasa corriendo'.split())

/home/nanounanue/.pyenv/versions/3.4.3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/nltk/tag/stanford.py in tag(self, tokens)
     64     def tag(self, tokens):
     65         # This function should return list of tuple rather than list of list
---> 66         return sum(self.tag_sents([tokens]), [])
     67 
     68     def tag_sents(self, sentences):

/home/nanounanue/.pyenv/versions/3.4.3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/nltk/tag/stanford.py in tag_sents(self, sentences)
     87         # Run the tagger and get the output
     88         stanpos_output, _stderr = java(cmd, classpath=self._stanford_jar,
---> 89                                                        stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
     90         stanpos_output = stanpos_output.decode(encoding)
     91 

/home/nanounanue/.pyenv/versions/3.4.3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/nltk/__init__.py in java(cmd, classpath, stdin, stdout, stderr, blocking)
    132     if p.returncode != 0:
    133         print(_decode_stdoutdata(stderr))
--> 134         raise OSError('Java command failed : ' + str(cmd))
    135 
    136     return (stdout, stderr)

OSError: Java command failed : ['/usr/bin/java', '-mx1000m', '-cp', '/home/nanounanue/Descargas/stanford-spanish-corenlp-2015-01-08-models.jar', 'edu.stanford.nlp.ie.crf.CRFClassifier', '-loadClassifier', '/home/nanounanue/Descargas/stanford-postagger-full-2015-04-20.zip', '-textFile', '/tmp/tmp6y169div', '-outputFormat', 'slashTags', '-tokenizerFactory', 'edu.stanford.nlp.process.WhitespaceTokenizer', '-tokenizerOptions', '"tokenizeNLs=false"', '-encoding', 'utf8']

同样发生在StandfordPOSTagger

注意：我需要这是西班牙语版本。 注意：我正在python 3.4.3中运行此命令

Answer 1

尝试：

# StanfordPOSTagger
from nltk.tag.stanford import StanfordPOSTagger
stanford_dir = '/home/me/stanford/stanford-postagger-full-2015-04-20/'
modelfile = stanford_dir + 'models/english-bidirectional-distsim.tagger'
jarfile = stanford_dir + 'stanford-postagger.jar'

st = StanfordPOSTagger(model_filename=modelfile, path_to_jar=jarfile)


# NERTagger
stanford_dir = '/home/me/stanford/stanford-ner-2015-04-20/'
jarfile = stanford_dir + 'stanford-ner.jar'
modelfile = stanford_dir + 'classifiers/english.all.3class.distsim.crf.ser.gz'

st = StanfordNERTagger(model_filename=modelfile, path_to_jar=jarfile)

有关使用斯坦福工具的NLTK API的详细信息，请查看：https://github.com/nltk/nltk/wiki/Installing-Third-Party-Software#stanford-tagger-ner-tokenizer-and-parser

注意：nltkapi是针对各个斯坦福工具的，如果您使用的是斯坦福核心NLP，最好遵循http://www.eecs.qmul.ac.uk/~dm303/stanford-dependency-parser-nltk-and-anaconda.html上的@dimazest说明

---

编辑

至于西班牙语的NER标记，我强烈建议您使用Stanford Core NLP（http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/corenlp.shtml），而不是使用Stanford NER包（http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/CRF-NER.shtml）。并按照@dimazest解决方案读取JSON文件。

或者，如果您必须使用NER packge，您可以尝试按照https://github.com/alvations/nltk_cli（免责声明：此repo不是NLTK的正式附属协议）中的说明进行操作。在unix命令行上执行以下操作：

cd $HOME
wget http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-spanish-corenlp-2015-01-08-models.jar
unzip stanford-spanish-corenlp-2015-01-08-models.jar -d stanford-spanish
cp stanford-spanish/edu/stanford/nlp/models/ner/* /home/me/stanford/stanford-ner-2015-04-20/ner/classifiers/

然后在python中：

# NERTagger
stanford_dir = '/home/me/stanford/stanford-ner-2015-04-20/'
jarfile = stanford_dir + 'stanford-ner.jar'
modelfile = stanford_dir + 'classifiers/spanish.ancora.distsim.s512.crf.ser.gz'

st = StanfordNERTagger(model_filename=modelfile, path_to_jar=jarfile)

Answer 2

错误在于为StanfordNerTagger函数编写的参数。

第一个参数应该是模型文件或您正在使用的分类器。你可以在斯坦福的zip文件中找到这个文件。例如：

    st = StanfordNERTagger('/home/me/stanford/stanford-postagger-full-2015-04-20/classifier/tagger.ser.gz', '/home/me/stanford/stanford-spanish-corenlp-2015-01-08-models.jar')