Django:ValueError:查找字段account.UserProfile.user:auth.Us引用的模型失败

Question

运行python manage.py migrate时出现此错误：

ValueError: Lookup failed for model referenced by field account.UserProfile.user: auth.User

我做的步骤：

1.创建项目并添加新应用：

$ django-admin.py startproject djdev
$ cd djdev
$ python manage.py startapp account

2.我在djdev/settings.py中的INSTALLED_APPS添加了新应用：

...
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'account',
)
...

3.在account/models.py中创建了一个新的UserProfile模型类：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    """
    User Profile having one-to-one relations with User
    """
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'user_profile'
        ordering = ['id']

    user = models.OneToOneField(User, db_column='id_user', related_name='profile')

    mobile_no = models.CharField('Mobile no.', db_column='contact_no_home', max_length=16, blank=True, null=True)
    address_line_1 = models.CharField('Address Line 1', db_column='contact_address_line_1_home', max_length=140, blank=True, null=True)
    address_line_2 = models.CharField('Address Line 2', db_column='contact_address_line_2_home', max_length=140, blank=True, null=True)

    office_mobile_no = models.CharField('Mobile no.', db_column='contact_no_office', max_length=16, blank=True, null=True)
    office_address_line_1 = models.CharField('Address Line 1', db_column='contact_address_line_1_office', max_length=140, blank=True, null=True)
    office_address_line_2 = models.CharField('Address Line 2', db_column='contact_address_line_2_office', max_length=140, blank=True, null=True)

    about = models.TextField('About me', blank=True, null=True)
    note = models.CharField('Note', max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.user.name

4.开始迁移：

$ python manage.py makemigrations account
$ python manage.py migrate

在执行最后一个命令python manage.py migrate之后，我得到这个错误：

Operations to perform:
  Synchronize unmigrated apps: (none)
  Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, account, auth, sessions
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
  Creating tables...
  Installing custom SQL...
  Installing indexes...
Running migrations:
  Applying account.0001_initial...Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 427, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 419, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/core/management/base.py", line 337, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 146, in handle
    executor.migrate(targets, plan, fake=options.get("fake", False))
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 62, in migrate
    self.apply_migration(migration, fake=fake)
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 90, in apply_migration
    if self.detect_soft_applied(migration):
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 134, in detect_soft_applied
    apps = project_state.render()
  File "/home/vinay/python_webapps/django-trunk/django/db/migrations/state.py", line 83, in render
    model=lookup_model
ValueError: Lookup failed for model referenced by field account.UserProfile.user: auth.User

NOTE: Django Version I'm using: 1.8.dev20140507130401

Answer 1

我找到了另一个同样有效的解决方案。

见岩屑岩的解@ https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/22488

Just add the corresponding dependency in the migration file, like this:

dependencies = [
        (b'advperm', b'0001_initial'),
        (b'auth', b'__first__'),
        (b'contenttypes', b'__first__'),  # Add this line
]

Answer 2

我读到上面的注释是建议只添加依赖项列表(('contenttypes',' __first__'))中的最后一行，但是我必须添加最后两行来更正问题。对于那些对Django中的makemigrations工具有更好理解的人来说，这可能是显而易见的，但是我对它还不熟悉，而且对我来说不是。

我上一次迁移的文件依赖项列表最初给出了相同的错误。。。

dependencies = [
    ('myapp', '0006_auto_20150209_0324'),
    (b'auth', b'__first__'),
    (b'contenttypes', b'__first__'),
]

Answer 3

这已经在主分支中修复。

在提交中修复：

• https://code.djangoproject.com/changeset/8f6dff372b174e772920de6d82bd085f1a74eaf2
• https://code.djangoproject.com/changeset/35c2a14a49ac3cb25dcff818b280bf0b4c290287

您可以安装它，直到生成正确的版本：

pip install https://github.com/django/django/zipball/master

测试：

型号.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Test(models.Model):
  user = models.OneToOneField(User)

结果

[__env] $ ./manage.py makemigrations
  Migrations for 'data':
  0001_initial.py:
    - Create model Test
[__env] $ ./manage.py migrate
  Operations to perform:
  Synchronize unmigrated apps: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions
    (... ommited ...)
  Running migrations:
  Applying data.0001_initial... OK