解析lxml中的HTML树：如何检索元素中的文本？

Question

我试图在元素中检索正确的文本。输出如下：

(Pdb) p etree.tostring(els[0])
'<h5 class="msg-delivered" style="padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:15px;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#888888;vertical-align:middle;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-weight:300 !important">&#13;\n<i class="ic-icon-delivered" style="margin:0;padding:0;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;Helvetica&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;position:relative;background:url(https://d1s8987jlndkbs.cloudfront.net/assets/sprite-ratings-ee0696744f54df6536179c70e24217e3.png) no-repeat -12px -12px;background-size:132px 436px;display:none;vertical-align:middle;width:25px;height:25px;background-position:-16px -16px;top:0"/>&#13;\nYour order was delivered&#13;\non&#13;\n6/4&#13;\n@&#13;\n4:44 PM&#13;\n</h5>&#13;\n'
(Pdb) p els[0].text
'\r\n'

我怎样才能得到字符串：“你的物品是6/4下午4:40送达的”？我可以在etree.tostring（）输出，但想知道els[0].text选项为何不起作用？在

Answer 1

您可以尝试使用xpath函数string()，该函数返回当前元素中所有文本节点的串联值：

import lxml.html
html = """<h5 class="msg-delivered" style="padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:15px;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#888888;vertical-align:middle;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-weight:300 !important">&#13;\n<i class="ic-icon-delivered" style="margin:0;padding:0;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;Helvetica&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;position:relative;background:url(https://d1s8987jlndkbs.cloudfront.net/assets/sprite-ratings-ee0696744f54df6536179c70e24217e3.png) no-repeat -12px -12px;background-size:132px 436px;display:none;vertical-align:middle;width:25px;height:25px;background-position:-16px -16px;top:0"/>&#13;\nYour order was delivered&#13;\non&#13;\n6/4&#13;\n@&#13;\n4:44 PM&#13;\n</h5>"""
tree = lxml.html.etee.fromstring(html)
print(tree.xpath("string()"))

输出：

^{pr2}$

Answer 2

如果需要所有文本，只需使用：

els[0].text_content()

也就是说，假设您在html中加载了：

^{pr2}$

请注意，您可能希望避免lxml.html.etree.fromstring，只需使用lxml.html.fromstring