有没有更好的/更具代表性的方法来做这件事?

2024-06-09 19:26:25 发布

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在我的新工作中,我一直在自学Python,并且非常喜欢这种语言。我写了一个简短的类来做一些基本的数据操作,我对此很有信心。在

但我在结构化/模块化编程时代的旧习惯很难改掉,我知道一定有更好的方法来写这个。所以,我想知道是否有人愿意看看下面的内容,并提出一些可能的改进建议,或者让我找到一个资源,可以帮助我自己发现这些。在

简要说明:RandomItems根类是由其他人编写的,我仍在研究itertools库。而且,这并不是整个模块-只是我正在处理的类,这是先决条件。在

你觉得怎么样?在

import itertools
import urllib2
import random
import string

class RandomItems(object):
    """This is the root class for the randomizer subclasses. These
        are used to generate arbitrary content for each of the fields
        in a csv file data row. The purpose is to automatically generate
        content that can be used as functional testing fixture data.
    """
    def __iter__(self):
        while True:
            yield self.next()

    def slice(self, times):
        return itertools.islice(self, times)

class RandomWords(RandomItems):
    """Obtain a list of random real words from the internet, place them
        in an iterable list object, and provide a method for retrieving
        a subset of length 1-n, of random words from the root list.
    """
    def __init__(self):
        urls = [
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/Nouns%285,449%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/Verbs%284,874%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/Adjectives%2850%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/Adjectives%28929%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/DescriptiveActionWords%2835%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/WordsThatDescribe%2886%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/DescriptiveWords%2886%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/WordsFunToUse%28100%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/Materials%2847%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/NewsSubjects%28197%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/Skills%28341%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/TechnicalManualWords%281495%29.txt",
            "http://dictionary-thesaurus.com/wordlists/GRE_WordList%281264%29.txt"
        ]
        self._words = []
        for url in urls:
            urlresp = urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url))
            self._words.extend([word for word in urlresp.read().split("\r\n")])
        self._words = list(set(self._words)) # Removes duplicates
        self._words.sort() # sorts the list

    def next(self):
        """Return a single random word from the list
        """
        return random.choice(self._words)

    def get(self):
        """Return the entire list, if needed.
        """
        return self._words

    def wordcount(self):
        """Return the total number of words in the list
        """
        return len(self._words)

    def sublist(self,size=3):
        """Return a random segment of _size_ length. The default is 3 words.
        """
        segment = []
        for i in range(size):
            segment.append(self.next())
        #printable = " ".join(segment)        
        return segment

    def random_name(self):
        """Return a string-formatted list of 3 random words.
        """
        words = self.sublist()
        return "%s %s %s" % (words[0], words[1], words[2])

def main():
    """Just to see it work...
    """
    wl = RandomWords()
    print wl.wordcount()
    print wl.next()
    print wl.sublist()
    print 'Three Word Name = %s' % wl.random_name()
    #print wl.get()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Tags: oftheinselftxtcomhttpfor
2条回答

这是我的五分钱:

  • 构造函数应被称为__init__。在
  • 你可以通过使用random.sample来废除一些代码,它做你的next()和{}所做的,但是它是预先打包的。在
  • 重写__iter__(在类中定义方法),这样就可以去掉RandomIter。您可以在docs中阅读更多关于它的信息(注意Py3K,有些内容可能与较低版本无关)。您可以使用yield来创建一个生成器,从而几乎不浪费内存。在
  • random_name可以改为使用^{}。请注意,如果不能保证值是字符串,则可能需要转换这些值。这可以通过[str(x) for x in iterable]或内置map来完成。在

第一个下意识的反应:我会将硬编码的url卸载到传递给类的构造函数参数中,或者从某个地方的配置中读取;这将允许更容易的更改,而无需重新部署。在

这样做的缺点是类的使用者必须知道这些URL存储在哪里。。。因此,您可以创建一个同伴类,其唯一的工作就是知道url是什么(即在配置中,甚至是硬编码的)以及如何获取它们。您可以允许类的使用者提供URL,或者,如果没有提供URL,类可以打开URL的伴生类。在

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