Python不区分大小写的文件名？

Answer 1

如果不列出一个目录，并将要查找的项和目录中的每个项都转换为一个常见的案例进行比较，则无法执行此操作。文件系统是区分大小写的，这就是它的全部功能。

这里有一个函数（好吧，两个）是我写的用来完全匹配的，它以一种不敏感的方式递归地匹配一个文件名：http://portableapps.hg.sourceforge.net/hgweb/portableapps/development-toolkit/file/775197d56e86/utils.py#l78。

def path_insensitive(path):
    """
    Get a case-insensitive path for use on a case sensitive system.

    >>> path_insensitive('/Home')
    '/home'
    >>> path_insensitive('/Home/chris')
    '/home/chris'
    >>> path_insensitive('/HoME/CHris/')
    '/home/chris/'
    >>> path_insensitive('/home/CHRIS')
    '/home/chris'
    >>> path_insensitive('/Home/CHRIS/.gtk-bookmarks')
    '/home/chris/.gtk-bookmarks'
    >>> path_insensitive('/home/chris/.GTK-bookmarks')
    '/home/chris/.gtk-bookmarks'
    >>> path_insensitive('/HOME/Chris/.GTK-bookmarks')
    '/home/chris/.gtk-bookmarks'
    >>> path_insensitive("/HOME/Chris/I HOPE this doesn't exist")
    "/HOME/Chris/I HOPE this doesn't exist"
    """

    return _path_insensitive(path) or path


def _path_insensitive(path):
    """
    Recursive part of path_insensitive to do the work.
    """

    if path == '' or os.path.exists(path):
        return path

    base = os.path.basename(path)  # may be a directory or a file
    dirname = os.path.dirname(path)

    suffix = ''
    if not base:  # dir ends with a slash?
        if len(dirname) < len(path):
            suffix = path[:len(path) - len(dirname)]

        base = os.path.basename(dirname)
        dirname = os.path.dirname(dirname)

    if not os.path.exists(dirname):
        dirname = _path_insensitive(dirname)
        if not dirname:
            return

    # at this point, the directory exists but not the file

    try:  # we are expecting dirname to be a directory, but it could be a file
        files = os.listdir(dirname)
    except OSError:
        return

    baselow = base.lower()
    try:
        basefinal = next(fl for fl in files if fl.lower() == baselow)
    except StopIteration:
        return

    if basefinal:
        return os.path.join(dirname, basefinal) + suffix
    else:
        return

Answer 2

这是一个简单的递归函数，用于搜索上述Eli建议的内容：

def find_sensitive_path(dir, insensitive_path):

    insensitive_path = insensitive_path.strip(os.path.sep)

    parts = insensitive_path.split(os.path.sep)
    next_name = parts[0]
    for name in os.listdir(dir):
        if next_name.lower() == name.lower():
            improved_path = os.path.join(dir, name)
            if len(parts) == 1:
                return improved_path
            else:
                return find_sensitive_path(improved_path, os.path.sep.join(parts[1:]))
    return None

Answer 3

您可以列出文件所在的目录（os.listdir），并查看文件名是否匹配。匹配可以通过降低文件名的大小写和比较来完成。