Tkinter多个列表框同时滚动

Question

我有多个Tkinter列表框，我使用一个滚动条滚动到一起，但我也希望它们一起滚动，以便在任何列表框上进行鼠标滚轮活动。

怎么做？

我当前的代码基于这里讨论的最后一个模式：http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/listbox.htm当只使用滚动条时它工作正常，但是当使用鼠标滚轮时，列表框独立滚动。

Answer 1

解决这个问题的方法与将两个小部件连接到单个滚动条的方法几乎相同：为mouseweel创建自定义绑定，并使这些绑定影响两个列表框，而不仅仅是一个。

唯一真正的诀窍是知道mouseweel根据平台的不同会得到不同的事件：windows和Mac会得到<MouseWheel>事件，linux会得到<Button-4>和<Button-5>事件。

下面是一个使用python 2.5在我的Mac上测试的示例：

import Tkinter as tk

class App:
    def __init__(self):
        self.root=tk.Tk()
        self.vsb = tk.Scrollbar(orient="vertical", command=self.OnVsb)
        self.lb1 = tk.Listbox(self.root, yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
        self.lb2 = tk.Listbox(self.root, yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
        self.vsb.pack(side="right",fill="y")
        self.lb1.pack(side="left",fill="x", expand=True)
        self.lb2.pack(side="left",fill="x", expand=True)
        self.lb1.bind("<MouseWheel>", self.OnMouseWheel)
        self.lb2.bind("<MouseWheel>", self.OnMouseWheel)
        for i in range(100):
            self.lb1.insert("end","item %s" % i)
            self.lb2.insert("end","item %s" % i)
        self.root.mainloop()

    def OnVsb(self, *args):
        self.lb1.yview(*args)
        self.lb2.yview(*args)

    def OnMouseWheel(self, event):
        self.lb1.yview("scroll", event.delta,"units")
        self.lb2.yview("scroll",event.delta,"units")
        # this prevents default bindings from firing, which
        # would end up scrolling the widget twice
        return "break"

app=App()

Answer 2

我知道这是相当古老的，但我认为解决方法比这里所说的要简单一些。假设您总是希望列表框一致，那么上述两个答案甚至都不是完整的解决方案-通过箭头键更改选择将滚动一个列表框而不是另一个。

所以，看着答案，我问-为什么他们不挂接yscrollcommand回调，而不是直接发送到滚动条？所以，我就这么做了：

try:
    from Tkinter import *
except ImportError:
    from tkinter import *


class MultipleScrollingListbox(Tk):

    def __init__(self):
        Tk.__init__(self)
        self.title('Scrolling Multiple Listboxes')

        #the shared scrollbar
        self.scrollbar = Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical')

        #note that yscrollcommand is set to a custom method for each listbox
        self.list1 = Listbox(self, yscrollcommand=self.yscroll1)
        self.list1.pack(fill='y', side='left')

        self.list2 = Listbox(self, yscrollcommand=self.yscroll2)
        self.list2.pack(expand=1, fill='both', side='left')

        self.scrollbar.config(command=self.yview)
        self.scrollbar.pack(side='right', fill='y')

        #fill the listboxes with stuff
        for x in xrange(30):
            self.list1.insert('end', x)
            self.list2.insert('end', x)

    #I'm sure there's probably a slightly cleaner way to do it than this
    #Nevertheless - whenever one listbox updates its vertical position,
    #the method checks to make sure that the other one gets updated as well.
    #Without the check, I *think* it might recurse infinitely.
    #Never tested, though.
    def yscroll1(self, *args):
        if self.list2.yview() != self.list1.yview():
            self.list2.yview_moveto(args[0])
        self.scrollbar.set(*args)

    def yscroll2(self, *args):
        if self.list1.yview() != self.list2.yview():
            self.list1.yview_moveto(args[0])
        self.scrollbar.set(*args)

    def yview(self, *args):
        self.list1.yview(*args)
        self.list2.yview(*args)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = MultipleScrollingListbox()
    root.mainloop()

Answer 3

这是我目前的解决方案，编码为一个独立的函数（是的，它应该是一个对象）。

特点/要求：

• 它处理任意数量的列表 （至少1）。
• 所有列表必须立即具有 同样的长度。
• 每个列表框宽度的宽度为 调整以匹配内容。
• 列表框使用 鼠标滚轮或 滚动条。
• 应该在Windows、OSX和 Linux，但只在 Linux系统。

代码：

def showLists(l, *lists):
    """
    Present passed equal-length lists in adjacent scrollboxes.
    """
    # This exists mainly for me to start learning about Tkinter.
    # This widget reqires at least one list be passed, and as many additional
    # lists as desired.  Each list is displayed in its own listbox, with
    # additional listboxes added to the right as needed to display all lists.
    # The width of each listbox is set to match the max width of its contents.
    # Caveat: Too wide or too many lists, and the widget can be wider than the screen!
    # The listboxes scroll together, using either the scrollbar or mousewheel.

    # :TODO: Refactor as an object with methods.
    # :TODO: Move to a separate file when other widgets are built.

    # Check arguments
    if (l is None) or (len(l) < 1):
        return
    listOfLists = [l]     # Form a list of lists for subsequent processing
    listBoxes = []  # List of listboxes
    if len(lists) > 0:
        for list in lists:
            # All lists must match length of first list
            # :TODO: Add tail filling for short lists, with error for long lists
            if len(list) != len(l):
                return
            listOfLists.append(list)

    import Tkinter

    def onVsb(*args):
        """
        When the scrollbar moves, scroll the listboxes.
        """
        for lb in listBoxes:
            lb.yview(*args)

    def onMouseWheel(event):
        """
        Convert mousewheel motion to scrollbar motion.
        """
        if (event.num == 4):    # Linux encodes wheel as 'buttons' 4 and 5
            delta = -1
        elif (event.num == 5):
            delta = 1
        else:                   # Windows & OSX
            delta = event.delta
        for lb in listBoxes:
            lb.yview("scroll", delta, "units")
        # Return 'break' to prevent the default bindings from
        # firing, which would end up scrolling the widget twice.
        return "break"

    # Create root window and scrollbar
    root = Tkinter.Tk()
    root.title('Samples w/ time step < 0')
    vsb = Tkinter.Scrollbar(root, orient=Tkinter.VERTICAL, command=onVsb)
    vsb.pack(side=Tkinter.RIGHT, fill=Tkinter.Y)

    # Create listboxes
    for i in xrange(0,len(listOfLists)):
        lb = Tkinter.Listbox(root, yscrollcommand=vsb.set)
        lb.pack(side=Tkinter.LEFT, fill=Tkinter.BOTH)
        # Bind wheel events on both Windows/OSX & Linux;
        lb.bind("<MouseWheel>", onMouseWheel)
        lb.bind("<Button-4>", onMouseWheel)
        lb.bind("<Button-5>", onMouseWheel)
        # Fill the listbox
        maxWidth = 0
        for item in listOfLists[i]:
            s = str(item)
            if len(s) > maxWidth:
                maxWidth = len(s)
            lb.insert(Tkinter.END, s)
        lb.config(width=maxWidth+1)
        listBoxes.append(lb)        # Add listbox to list of listboxes

    # Show the widget
    Tkinter.mainloop()
# End of showLists()

欢迎提出改进建议！