错误：命令'cl.exe'失败：没有这样的文件或目录

Question

我目前正试图通过pip安装PYODBC，但收到一个错误。此时，我不知所措。
下面是它的样子：

 C:\Users\c.ginther>pip install pyodbc
 Collecting pyodbc
   Using cached pyodbc-3.0.10.tar.gz
 Installing collected packages: pyodbc
   Running setup.py install for pyodbc ... error
     Complete output from command "c:\program files\python35\python.exe" -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='C:\\Users\\CB9EB~1.GIN\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-build-mdyxyolm\\pyodbc\\setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record C:\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-ag94eyey-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
     running install
     running build
     running build_ext
     building 'pyodbc' extension
     creating build
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local\Temp
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-mdyxyolm
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-mdyxyolm\pyodbc
     creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-mdyxyolm\pyodbc\src
     cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -DPYODBC_VERSION=3.0.10 -DPYODBC_UNICODE_WIDTH=2 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk/usr/include "-Ic:\program files\python35\include" "-Ic:\program files\python35\include" /EHsc /TpC:\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-mdyxyolm\pyodbc\src\buffer.cpp /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.5\Release\Users\CB9EB~1.GIN\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-mdyxyolm\pyodbc\src\buffer.obj /Wall /wd4668 /wd4820 /wd4711 /wd4100 /wd4127 /wd4191
     error: command 'cl.exe' failed: No such file or directory

Answer 1

正如注释中提到的user590028，python需要一个C编译器来安装pyodbc之类的包。在Windows上，最常见的编译器是VisualStudioC++，所以检查下面的列表，从Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 3.4

• Visual Studio 2008 for Python 2.7.
• Visual Studio 2010 for Python 3.4.

新版本的Visual Studio应该可以在Python 3.5上运行。

如果您安装了Visual Studio，您应该能够在没有任何错误的情况下构建pyodbc。