Pyodbc在nondata python中工作，但无法在cond中加载驱动程序

Question

我有一个简单的连接字符串，用于连接本地docker容器中运行的MSSQL服务器。该代码在python3.7（不是conda）中运行良好，但在任何conda环境中都会失败。我特别感兴趣的是让它在Jupyter笔记本上运行。在

我最近重新安装了水蟒，但这似乎无关，因为它仍然不起作用。我的.bash_配置文件似乎有点混乱，但在我确定自己在做什么之前，我一直不愿意做些改变。在

据我所知，我的conda版本的python无法找到其他版本python正在使用的pyodbc驱动程序。在

对于我来说，这段代码可以在Python的任何非conda版本中工作，但在其他地方却失败了。在

import pyodbc
drivers = [item for item in pyodbc.drivers()]
driver = drivers[-1]
print("driver:{}".format(driver))
server = '192.168.0.4'
database = 'XXXXXXX'
uid = 'sa'
pwd = 'XXXXXXXXXX'
con_string = f'DRIVER={driver};SERVER={server};PORT=1433;DATABASE={database};UID={uid};PWD={pwd}'
print(con_string)
cnxn = pyodbc.connect(con_string)


cursor = cnxn.cursor()
print('connected')

cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM TB_STYLE_AUDIT')

for row in cursor:
    print(row)

预期结果（缩短）：

^{pr2}$

以下是conda的错误：

IndexError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-1-ea3728340faa> in <module>
      2 
      3 drivers = [item for item in pyodbc.drivers()]
----> 4 driver = drivers[-1]
      5 print("driver:{}".format(driver))
      6 server = '192.168.0.4'

IndexError: list index out of range

编辑以添加此代码也可在conda之外工作：

import pyodbc

#drivers = [item for item in pyodbc.drivers()]
#driver = drivers[-1]
#print("driver:{}".format(driver))
driver = 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server'
server = '192.168.0.4'
database = 'XXXXXXX'
uid = 'sa'
pwd = 'XXXXXXX'
con_string = f'DRIVER={driver};SERVER={server};PORT=1433;DATABASE={database};UID={uid};PWD={pwd}'
print(con_string)
cnxn = pyodbc.connect(con_string)


cursor = cnxn.cursor()
print('connected')

cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM TB_STYLE_AUDIT')

for row in cursor:
    print(row)

但在笔记本中会产生以下错误：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Error                                     Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-2-3f7d96055440> in <module>
     11 con_string = f'DRIVER={driver};SERVER={server};PORT=1433;DATABASE={database};UID={uid};PWD={pwd}'
     12 print(con_string)
---> 13 cnxn = pyodbc.connect(con_string)
     14 
     15 

Error: ('01000', "[01000] [unixODBC][Driver Manager]Can't open lib 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server' : file not found (0) (SQLDriverConnect)")

Answer 1

如果是OSX，请按照Drivers and Driver Managers的说明操作。它也很有用Install FreeTDS, unixODBC and pyodbc on OS X

关键问题是配置文件，如下所示：

在驱动程序和实例上，编辑/usr/local/etc/odbcinst.ini文件公司名称：

[FreeTDS]
Description=FreeTDS Driver for Linux & MSSQL
Driver=/usr/local/lib/libtdsodbc.so
Setup=/usr/local/lib/libtdsodbc.so
UsageCount=1

[unixodbc]
Description=unixodbc
ODBCInstLib=/usr/local/Cellar/unixodbc/2.3.1/lib/libodbcinst.dylib
DriverManagerEncoding=UTF-16

测试日志：

^{pr2}$