Python套接字，高级聊天盒

Question

我想创建一个服务器，它可以同时处理多个客户机（处理：同时从客户机接收数据并向所有客户机发送数据！！！）在

实际上，我正在尝试创建一个聊天框。程序的工作原理如下：

1）将有一个服务器来处理客户机。在

2）多个客户端可以加入服务器。在

3）客户端向服务器发送消息（字符串）。在

4）服务器接收来自客户端的消息，然后将其发送给所有人 除了从他那里得到的客户。在

这就是客户之间的沟通方式。没有可用的私人消息。当有人按enter键时，所有客户机都会在屏幕上看到消息。在

客户机模块很容易制作，因为客户机只与一个套接字（服务器）通信。在

另一方面，服务器模块非常复杂，我不知道怎么做（我也知道线程）。在

这是我的请求：

import socket, threading


class Server:

def __init__(self, ip = "", port = 5050):

    '''Server Constructor. If __init__ return None, then you can use
       self.error to print the specified error message.'''

    #Error message.
    self.error  = ""

    #Creating a socket object.
    self.server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    #Trying to bind it.
    try:
        self.server.bind( (ip, port) )
        pass


    #Failed, because socket has been shuted down.
    except OSError :
        self.error = "The server socket has been shuted down."
        return None

    #Failed, because socket has been forcibly reseted.
    except ConnectionResetError:
         self.error = "The server socket has been forcibly reseted."
         return None


    #Start Listening.
    self.server.listen()


    #_____Other Variables_____#

    #A flag to know when to shut down thread loops.
    self.running = True

    #Store clients here.
    self.clients = []

    #_____Other Variables_____#


    #Start accepting clients.
    thread = threading.thread(target = self.acceptClients)
    thread.start()

    #Start handling the client.
    self.clientHandler()





#Accept Clients.
def acceptClients(self):

    while self.running:
        self.clients.append( self.server.accept() )

    #Close the server.
    self.server.close()




#Handle clients.
def clientHandler(self):

    while self.running:

        for client in self.clients:

            sock = client[0]
            addr = client[1]

            #Receive at most 1 mb of data.
            #The problem is that recv will block the loop!!!
            data = sock.recv(1024 ** 2)

如您所见，我接受使用线程的客户机，因此服务器.接受（）不会阻止程序。然后我把客户存储到一个列表中。在

但问题出在clientHandler上。我怎么才能从所有人那里收到 同时有客户吗？第一次接收将阻止循环！！！在

我还尝试为每个新客户机启动新线程（clientandler） 但问题是同步。在

那送信呢？服务器必须向所有客户机发送数据，因此clientHandler尚未完成。但是如果我混合使用recv和send方法，那么问题就变得更复杂了。在

那么，怎样做才是正确和最好的方法呢？ 我也想给我举个例子。在

Answer 1

这是我的最后一个节目，很有魅力。

服务器.py

导入套接字，选择

类服务器：

def __init__(self, ip = "", port = 5050):

    '''Server Constructor. If __init__ return None, then you can use
       self.error to print the specified error message.'''

    #Error message.
    self.error  = ""

    #Creating a socket object.
    self.server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    #Trying to bind it.
    try:
        self.server.bind( (ip, port) )
        pass


    #Failed, because socket has been shuted down.
    except OSError :
        self.error = "The server socket has been shuted down."

    #Failed, because socket has been forcibly reseted.
    except ConnectionResetError:
         self.error = "The server socket has been forcibly reseted."


    #Start Listening.
    self.server.listen()


    #_____Other Variables_____#

    #A flag to know when to shut down thread loops.
    self.running = True

    #Store clients here.
    self.sockets   = [self.server]

    #_____Other Variables_____#


    #Start Handling the sockets.
    self.handleSockets()






#Handle Sockets.
def handleSockets(self):

    while True:
        r, w, x = select.select(self.sockets, [], self.sockets)

        #If server is ready to accept.
        if self.server in r:

            client, address = self.server.accept()
            self.sockets.append(client)


        #Elif a client send data.
        elif len(r) > 0:

            #Receive data.
            try:
                data = r[0].recv( 1024 )


            #If the client disconnects suddenly.
            except ConnectionResetError:
                r[0].close()
                self.sockets.remove( r[0] )
                print("A user has been disconnected forcible.")
                continue

            #Connection has been closed or lost.
            if len(data) == 0:

                r[0].close()
                self.sockets.remove( r[0] )
                print("A user has been disconnected.")


            #Else send the data to all users.
            else:

                #For all sockets except server.
                for client in self.sockets[1:]:

                    #Do not send to yourself.
                    if client != r[0]:
                        client.send(data)


server = Server()
print("Errors:",server.error)

客户端.py

导入插座，螺纹

来自tkinter import*

类客户：

^{pr2}$

程序运行良好，完全符合我的要求。在

但我还有一些问题。在

r，w，x=选择。选择(自插座, [], 自插座)

r是一个包含所有就绪套接字的列表。 但我并没有忘记什么是w和x。在

第一个参数是套接字列表，第二个是接受的客户端 第三个参数是什么？为什么我要再次给出套接字列表？在