合并两个pandas数据帧会导致“重复”列

Question

我试图合并两个包含相同键列的数据帧。其他一些列也有相同的标题，尽管行数不同，合并后这些列与给定postscript x，y等的原始标题“重复”

有人知道如何让pandas删除下面示例中的重复列吗？

这是我的python代码：

import pandas as pd

holding_df = pd.read_csv('holding.csv')
invest_df = pd.read_csv('invest.csv')

merge_df = pd.merge(holding_df, invest_df, on='key', how='left').fillna(0)
merge_df.to_csv('merged.csv', index=False)

CSV文件包含以下内容：

左数据框的第一行（保持数据框）

key, dept_name, res_name, year, need, holding
DeptA_ResA_2015, DeptA, ResA, 2015, 1, 1
DeptA_ResA_2016, DeptA, ResA, 2016, 1, 1
DeptA_ResA_2017, DeptA, ResA, 2017, 1, 1
...

右数据帧（invest_-df）

key, dept_name, res_name, year, no_of_inv, inv_cost_wo_ice
DeptA_ResA_2015, DeptA, ResA, 2015, 1, 1000000
DeptA_ResB_2015, DeptA, ResB, 2015, 2, 6000000
DeptB_ResB_2015, DeptB, ResB, 2015, 1, 6000000
...

合并结果

key, dept_name_x, res_name_x, year_x, need, holding, dept_name_y, res_name_y, year_y, no_of_inv, inv_cost_wo_ice
DeptA_ResA_2015, DeptA, ResA, 2015, 1, 1, DeptA, ResA, 2015.0, 1.0, 1000000.0
DeptA_ResA_2016, DeptA, ResA, 2016, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
DeptA_ResA_2017, DeptA, ResA, 2017, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
DeptA_ResA_2018, DeptA, ResA, 2018, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
DeptA_ResA_2019, DeptA, ResA, 2019, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
...

Answer 1

有后缀为''x'和''y'的附加列的原因是，要合并的列没有匹配的值，因此此冲突会产生附加列。在这种情况下，您需要删除附加的'\u y'列并重命名'\u x'列：

In [145]:
# define our drop function
def drop_y(df):
    # list comprehension of the cols that end with '_y'
    to_drop = [x for x in df if x.endswith('_y')]
    df.drop(to_drop, axis=1, inplace=True)

drop_y(merged)
merged
Out[145]:
               key  dept_name_x  res_name_x   year_x   need   holding  \
0  DeptA_ResA_2015        DeptA        ResA     2015      1         1   
1  DeptA_ResA_2016        DeptA        ResA     2016      1         1   
2  DeptA_ResA_2017        DeptA        ResA     2017      1         1   

    no_of_inv   inv_cost_wo_ice  
0           1           1000000  
1           0                 0  
2           0                 0  
In [146]:
# func to rename '_x' cols
def rename_x(df):
    for col in df:
        if col.endswith('_x'):
            df.rename(columns={col:col.rstrip('_x')}, inplace=True)
rename_x(merged)
merged
Out[146]:
               key  dept_name  res_name   year   need   holding   no_of_inv  \
0  DeptA_ResA_2015      DeptA      ResA   2015      1         1           1   
1  DeptA_ResA_2016      DeptA      ResA   2016      1         1           0   
2  DeptA_ResA_2017      DeptA      ResA   2017      1         1           0   

    inv_cost_wo_ice  
0           1000000  
1                 0  
2                 0 

编辑 如果将公用列添加到合并中，则不应生成重复的列，除非这些列上的匹配项不匹配：

merge_df = pd.merge(holding_df, invest_df, on=['key', 'dept_name', 'res_name', 'year'], how='left').fillna(0)