Python$PATH在.profile中是否应该相同。bash.profile文件, .profile.pysave？

$ echo $PATH /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/opt/X11/bin:/Users/adrianshome/bin/FDK/Tools/osx

## # DELUXE-USR-LOCAL-BIN-INSERT # (do not remove this comment) ## echo $PATH | grep -q -s "/usr/local/bin" if [ $? -eq 1 ] ; then PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin export PATH fi # Setting PATH for MacPython 2.5 # The orginal version is saved in .profile.pysave PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:${PATH}" export PATH # Initialization for FDK command line tools.Wed May 21 12:21:59 2008 FDK_EXE="/Users/adrianwi/bin/FDK/Tools/osx" PATH=${PATH}:"/Users/adrianwi/bin/FDK/Tools/osx"

# Initialization for FDK command line tools.Fri Apr 10 14:12:30 2015 # Setting PATH for Python 3.6 # The original version is saved in .bash_profile.pysave PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin:${PATH}" # Setting PATH for Python 3.7 # The original version is saved in .bash_profile.pysave PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin:${PATH}" # Setting PATH for Python 2.7 # The original version is saved in .bash_profile.pysave PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:${PATH}" # Setting PATH for Python 2.7

Last login: Sun Oct 14 12:50:11 on ttys001 Adrians-iMac-2:~ adrianshome$ pip3 install --user --upgrade afdko; Collecting afdko Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b6/d2/0ba8ccfe42b0f88b0cc2819b73d93d4ad6240285a8d9a6a1570f39b1e613/afdko-2.8.2-py2.py3-none-macosx_10_6_intel.whl (2.4MB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 2.4MB 543kB/s Collecting ufoLib~=2.3.1 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b7/72/e053c7f9adc52ee7f4ac163cebef4c8d39732a79a02f9abcfdcfbca35785/ufoLib-2.3.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (109kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 525kB/s Collecting ufonormalizer~=0.3.5 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e6/f3/cdf8d7616cde052b07f3fb83eec34a4a534965df71968cbef9f3895a31c3/ufonormalizer-0.3.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting defcon~=0.5.3 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e5/e5/7491cd6b2f5ec7ef96804f31b8c5fd4d8030d2ff7f331fc2c179ff196bfa/defcon-0.5.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (212kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 215kB 1.6MB/s Collecting booleanOperations~=0.8.0 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/bd/98/4c43398f43b023803609ac4ab46b02f10936ba501c8e53e70ee8f21d794d/booleanOperations-0.8.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting fontTools~=3.29.1 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ab/68/a583423ac2ca5dd624ca4914ee97307b4b61a83dda5e0451f0242f628f58/fonttools-3.29.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (612kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 614kB 551kB/s Collecting psautohint==1.8.1 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/50/95/4583fcdb5cca5efe32c46dfa2bab95fcf2a99f43a8fd201971b5978d4705/psautohint-1.8.1-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl (377kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 378kB 486kB/s Collecting mutatorMath~=2.1.1 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/01/26/6d1583731da1d236f917b6618ac342ad435eb761750f934f1fc1bfd9ae84/MutatorMath-2.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting fontMath~=0.4.7 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/33/b2/6e4d8fd1c0c82f42961dd4e901ecf819e490a64f2abb0a7bdf5082997a4f/fontMath-0.4.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting fontPens~=0.1.0 (from afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/76/11/0ad531d40c608eb3b798bb94607b10109b4e145142fe68eda40e92b84daf/fontPens-0.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting pyclipper>=1.0.5 (from booleanOperations~=0.8.0->afdko) Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a0/2f/6a75e90bfb924118bd65cc16ccd23df53db697f0df7a4dfa79c6d64913fe/pyclipper-1.1.0.post1-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl (275kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 276kB 510kB/s Installing collected packages: fontTools, ufoLib, ufonormalizer, defcon, pyclipper, booleanOperations, psautohint, fontMath, mutatorMath, fontPens, afdko The scripts fonttools, pyftinspect, pyftmerge, pyftsubset and ttx are installed in '/Users/adrianshome/Library/Python/3.7/bin' which is not on PATH. Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location. The script ufonormalizer is installed in '/Users/adrianshome/Library/Python/3.7/bin' which is not on PATH. Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location. The script psautohint is installed in '/Users/adrianshome/Library/Python/3.7/bin' which is not on PATH. Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location. The scripts autohint, buildcff2vf, buildmasterotfs, charplot, checkoutlinesufo, comparefamily, digiplot, fontplot, fontplot2, fontsetplot, hintplot, makeinstancesufo, makeotf, otc2otf, otf2otc, stemhist, ttfcomponentizer, ttxn and waterfallplot are installed in '/Users/adrianshome/Library/Python/3.7/bin' which is not on PATH. Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location. Successfully installed afdko-2.8.2 booleanOperations-0.8.0 defcon-0.5.3 fontMath-0.4.7 fontPens-0.1.0 fontTools-3.29.1 mutatorMath-2.1.1 psautohint-1.8.1 pyclipper-1.1.0.post1 ufoLib-2.3.2 ufonormalizer-0.3.5 Adrians-iMac-2:~ adrianshome$ echo $PATH /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/opt/X11/bin:/Users/adrianshome/bin/FDK/Tools/osx Adrians-iMac-2:~ adrianshome$ Adrians-iMac-2:~ adrianshome$

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1楼 · 发布于 2024-04-25 19:10:18

这取决于您需要使用Python做什么，有时您的操作系统（大多数情况下是Linux）附带了Python的预安装版本，这是许多内置功能的要求。删除或更改系统范围的版本可能会对系统的运行方式产生负面影响。我不太确定OSX是否是这样，因为我对它的经验有限。在

现在，Python应用程序安装自己的本地版本Python（虚拟环境）是相当普遍的做法，在那里它们可以安装自己的依赖项，而不会污染或负面影响系统范围的版本。在

如果您确定没有其他人使用它，那么更改它可能是安全的，但可能首先重命名目录，然后再去删除它之前看看发生了什么（或中断）。在

关于您的相关配置文件：

.profile.pysave

不需要修改它，它只是在安装python时创建的一个备份，因为它修改了现有的.profile，但是如果您想回滚，则会创建一个备份。在

在.profile文件中，可以将所有路径合并为一个变量，然后将其导出。例如

PATH=${PATH}:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:/Users/adrianshome/bin/FDK/Tools/osx 
export PATH

.bash.profile

这有点棘手。。。你想在这里达到什么目的？在

您只想使用最新版本的python还是同时使用这三个版本？在

我想你只需要一个最新版本的条目。拥有这三样东西会互相冲突，不会有预期的行为。在

PATH的工作方式是按照指定的顺序在列出的目录中查找可执行文件。所以如果你有这样一条路

^{pr2}$

在这三个目录中，如果您有一个名为“python”的文件（假设它被设置为可执行文件，并且您拥有适当的权限），那么每当您在终端中键入“python”时，实际上您将调用/dir1/python，因为它是路径中的第一个条目。在

如您所见，如果您真的想使用/dir3中的“python”，这将导致问题。在

如果您确实需要使用python的多个版本，我强烈建议您使用虚拟环境（googlevirtualenv）。这将允许您在需要时“激活”python的独立版本。在

例如我有两个程序，App1使用python2.7，App2使用python3.7，我有两个虚拟环境。我会像这样激活它们（注意这是一个例子，确切的路径将取决于您创建它的位置）。在

$ /Users/adrianshome/py2.7/bin/activate
$ App1

现在您的python2.7是活动的，并且是路径中的第一个，所以当您键入python时，您将得到python2.7

类似地，您将执行以下操作来运行App2

$ deactivate (this will undo what you did previously)
$ /Users/adrianshome/py3.7/bin/activate
$ App2

我希望这有帮助！在

现在您的python2.7是活动的，并且是路径中的第一个，所以当您键入python时，您将得到python2.7

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