无法修复pyparsing错误…

2024-06-11 02:18:06 发布

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概述

所以,我正在重构一个项目,并分离出一堆解析代码。我关心的代码是pyparsing。在

我对pyparsing的理解非常差,即使在花了大量时间阅读官方文档之后。我遇到麻烦是因为(1)pyparsing(故意)采用了一种非正统的解析方法,(2)我正在编写我没有编写的代码,注释很差,现有的语法集也不是很基本。在

(我也无法与原作者取得联系。)

不合格试验

我正在使用PyVows来测试我的代码。我的一个测试如下(即使您不熟悉PyVows,我也认为这一点很清楚;如果您不熟悉PyVows,请告诉我):

def test_multiline_command_ends(self, topic):
                output = parsed_input('multiline command ends\n\n',topic)
                expect(output).to_equal(
r'''['multiline', 'command ends', '\n', '\n']
- args: command ends
- multiline_command: multiline
- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends', '\n', '\n']
  - args: command ends
  - multiline_command: multiline
  - terminator: ['\n', '\n']
- terminator: ['\n', '\n']''')

但当我运行测试时,我在终端中得到了以下信息:

失败的测试结果

^{pr2}$


注意:

由于输出到一个终端,预期输出(第二个)有额外的反斜杠。这很正常。在这段重构开始之前,测试没有出现问题。在

预期行为

输出的第一行应该与第二行相匹配,但是它不匹配。在

所以我得到了这个:

"['multiline', 'command ends']\n- args: command ends\n- command: multiline\n- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends']\n  - args: command ends\n  - command: multiline"

当我应该得到这个:

"['multiline', 'command ends', '\\n', '\\n']\n- args: command ends\n- multiline_command: multiline\n- statement: ['multiline', 'command ends', '\\n', '\\n']\n  - args: command ends\n  - multiline_command: multiline\n  - terminator: ['\\n', '\\n']\n- terminator: ['\\n', '\\n']"

在前面的代码中,也有这样的语句:

pyparsing.ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(' \t')

…我认为这应该能防止这种错误。但我不确定。在


即使不能确定问题所在,简单地缩小问题的范围将是一个巨大的帮助。在

请让我知道我可以采取什么措施来解决这个问题。在


编辑:所以,呃,我应该发布这个的解析器代码,不是吗?(谢谢你的提示,@andrew cooke!)在

分析器代码

这是我的解析器对象的__init__。在

我知道这是一场噩梦。这就是我重构项目的原因。☺ 在

def __init__(self, Cmd_object=None, *args, **kwargs):
        #   @NOTE
        #   This is one of the biggest pain points of the existing code.
        #   To aid in readability, I CAPITALIZED all variables that are
        #   not set on `self`.
        #
        #   That means that CAPITALIZED variables aren't
        #   used outside of this method.
        #
        #   Doing this has allowed me to more easily read what
        #   variables become a part of other variables during the
        #   building-up of the various parsers.
        #
        #   I realize the capitalized variables is unorthodox
        #   and potentially anti-convention.  But after reaching out
        #   to the project's creator several times over roughly 5
        #   months, I'm still working on this project alone...
        #   And without help, this is the only way I can move forward.
        #
        #   I have a very poor understanding of the parser's
        #   control flow when the user types a command and hits ENTER,
        #   and until the author (or another pyparsing expert)
        #   explains what's happening to me, I have to do silly
        #   things like this. :-|
        #
        #   Of course, if the impossible happens and this code
        #   gets cleaned up, then the variables will be restored to
        #   proper capitalization.
        #
        #   —Zearin
        #   http://github.com/zearin/
        #   2012 Mar 26

        if Cmd_object is not None:
            self.Cmd_object = Cmd_object
        else:
            raise Exception('Cmd_object be provided to Parser.__init__().')

        #   @FIXME
        #       Refactor methods into this class later
        preparse    = self.Cmd_object.preparse
        postparse   = self.Cmd_object.postparse

        self._allow_blank_lines  =  False

        self.abbrev              =  True       # Recognize abbreviated commands
        self.case_insensitive    =  True       # Commands recognized regardless of case
        # make sure your terminators are not in legal_chars!
        self.legal_chars         =  u'!#$%.:?@_' + PYP.alphanums + PYP.alphas8bit
        self.multiln_commands    =  [] if 'multiline_commands' not in kwargs else kwargs['multiln_commands']
        self.no_special_parse    =  {'ed','edit','exit','set'}
        self.redirector          =  '>'         # for sending output to file
        self.reserved_words      =  []
        self.shortcuts           =  { '?' : 'help' ,
                                      '!' : 'shell',
                                      '@' : 'load' ,
                                      '@@': '_relative_load'
                                    }
#         self._init_grammars()
#         
#     def _init_grammars(self):
        #   @FIXME
        #       Add Docstring

        #   ----------------------------
        #   Tell PYP how to parse
        #   file input from '< filename'
        #   ----------------------------
        FILENAME    = PYP.Word(self.legal_chars + '/\\')
        INPUT_MARK  = PYP.Literal('<')
        INPUT_MARK.setParseAction(lambda x: '')
        INPUT_FROM  = FILENAME('INPUT_FROM')
        INPUT_FROM.setParseAction( self.Cmd_object.replace_with_file_contents )
        #   ----------------------------

        #OUTPUT_PARSER = (PYP.Literal('>>') | (PYP.WordStart() + '>') | PYP.Regex('[^=]>'))('output')
        OUTPUT_PARSER           =  (PYP.Literal(   2 * self.redirector) | \
                                   (PYP.WordStart()  + self.redirector) | \
                                    PYP.Regex('[^=]' + self.redirector))('output')

        PIPE                    =   PYP.Keyword('|', identChars='|')

        STRING_END              =   PYP.stringEnd ^ '\nEOF'

        TERMINATORS             =  [';']
        TERMINATOR_PARSER       =   PYP.Or([
                                        (hasattr(t, 'parseString') and t)
                                        or 
                                        PYP.Literal(t) for t in TERMINATORS
                                    ])('terminator')

        self.comment_grammars    =  PYP.Or([  PYP.pythonStyleComment,
                                              PYP.cStyleComment ])
        self.comment_grammars.ignore(PYP.quotedString)
        self.comment_grammars.setParseAction(lambda x: '')
        self.comment_grammars.addParseAction(lambda x: '')

        self.comment_in_progress =  '/*' + PYP.SkipTo(PYP.stringEnd ^ '*/')

        #   QuickRef: Pyparsing Operators
        #   ----------------------------
        #   ~   creates NotAny using the expression after the operator
        #
        #   +   creates And using the expressions before and after the operator
        #
        #   |   creates MatchFirst (first left-to-right match) using the
        #       expressions before and after the operator
        #
        #   ^   creates Or (longest match) using the expressions before and
        #       after the operator
        #
        #   &   creates Each using the expressions before and after the operator
        #
        #   *   creates And by multiplying the expression by the integer operand;
        #       if expression is multiplied by a 2-tuple, creates an And of
        #       (min,max) expressions (similar to "{min,max}" form in
        #       regular expressions); if min is None, intepret as (0,max);
        #       if max is None, interpret as expr*min + ZeroOrMore(expr)
        #
        #   -   like + but with no backup and retry of alternatives
        #
        #   *   repetition of expression
        #
        #   ==  matching expression to string; returns True if the string
        #       matches the given expression
        #
        #   <<  inserts the expression following the operator as the body of the
        #       Forward expression before the operator
        #   ----------------------------


        DO_NOT_PARSE            =   self.comment_grammars       |   \
                                    self.comment_in_progress    |   \
                                    PYP.quotedString

        #   moved here from class-level variable
        self.URLRE              =   re.compile('(https?://[-\\w\\./]+)')

        self.keywords           =   self.reserved_words + [fname[3:] for fname in dir( self.Cmd_object ) if fname.startswith('do_')]

        #   not to be confused with `multiln_parser` (below)
        self.multiln_command  =   PYP.Or([
                                        PYP.Keyword(c, caseless=self.case_insensitive)
                                        for c in self.multiln_commands
                                    ])('multiline_command')

        ONELN_COMMAND           =   (   ~self.multiln_command +
                                        PYP.Word(self.legal_chars)
                                    )('command')


        #self.multiln_command.setDebug(True)


        #   Configure according to `allow_blank_lines` setting
        if self._allow_blank_lines:
            self.blankln_termination_parser = PYP.NoMatch
        else:
            BLANKLN_TERMINATOR  = (2 * PYP.lineEnd)('terminator')
            #BLANKLN_TERMINATOR('terminator')
            self.blankln_termination_parser = (
                                                (self.multiln_command ^ ONELN_COMMAND)
                                                + PYP.SkipTo(
                                                    BLANKLN_TERMINATOR,
                                                    ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
                                                ).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('args')
                                                + BLANKLN_TERMINATOR
                                              )('statement')

        #   CASE SENSITIVITY for
        #   ONELN_COMMAND and self.multiln_command
        if self.case_insensitive:
            #   Set parsers to account for case insensitivity (if appropriate)
            self.multiln_command.setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].lower())
            ONELN_COMMAND.setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].lower())


        self.save_parser        = ( PYP.Optional(PYP.Word(PYP.nums)^'*')('idx')
                                  + PYP.Optional(PYP.Word(self.legal_chars + '/\\'))('fname')
                                  + PYP.stringEnd)

        AFTER_ELEMENTS          =   PYP.Optional(PIPE +
                                                    PYP.SkipTo(
                                                        OUTPUT_PARSER ^ STRING_END,
                                                        ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
                                                    )('pipeTo')
                                                ) + \
                                    PYP.Optional(OUTPUT_PARSER +
                                                 PYP.SkipTo(
                                                     STRING_END,
                                                     ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
                                                 ).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('outputTo')
                                            )

        self.multiln_parser = (((self.multiln_command ^ ONELN_COMMAND)
                                +   PYP.SkipTo(
                                        TERMINATOR_PARSER,
                                        ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
                                    ).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('args')
                                +   TERMINATOR_PARSER)('statement')
                                +   PYP.SkipTo(
                                        OUTPUT_PARSER ^ PIPE ^ STRING_END,
                                        ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
                                    ).setParseAction(lambda x: x[0].strip())('suffix')
                                + AFTER_ELEMENTS
                             )

        #self.multiln_parser.setDebug(True)

        self.multiln_parser.ignore(self.comment_in_progress)

        self.singleln_parser  = (
                                    (   ONELN_COMMAND + PYP.SkipTo(
                                        TERMINATOR_PARSER
                                        ^ STRING_END
                                        ^ PIPE
                                        ^ OUTPUT_PARSER,
                                        ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE
                                    ).setParseAction(lambda x:x[0].strip())('args'))('statement')
                                + PYP.Optional(TERMINATOR_PARSER)
                                + AFTER_ELEMENTS)
        #self.multiln_parser  = self.multiln_parser('multiln_parser')
        #self.singleln_parser = self.singleln_parser('singleln_parser')

        self.prefix_parser       =  PYP.Empty()

        self.parser = self.prefix_parser + (STRING_END                      |
                                            self.multiln_parser             |
                                            self.singleln_parser            |
                                            self.blankln_termination_parser |
                                            self.multiln_command            +
                                            PYP.SkipTo(
                                                STRING_END,
                                                ignore=DO_NOT_PARSE)
                                            )

        self.parser.ignore(self.comment_grammars)

        # a not-entirely-satisfactory way of distinguishing
        # '<' as in "import from" from
        # '<' as in "lesser than"
        self.input_parser = INPUT_MARK                + \
                            PYP.Optional(INPUT_FROM)  + \
                            PYP.Optional('>')         + \
                            PYP.Optional(FILENAME)    + \
                            (PYP.stringEnd | '|')

        self.input_parser.ignore(self.comment_in_progress)

Tags: andofthetoinselfparserif
2条回答

我怀疑问题是pyparsing的内置空格跳过,默认情况下跳过新行。即使setDefaultWhitespaceChars用于告诉pyparsing新行是重要的,但此设置只影响在调用setDefaultWhitespaceChars之后创建的所有表达式。问题是pyparsing在导入时试图通过定义一些方便的表达式来提供帮助,比如empty表示{},lineEnd表示{},等等。但是由于这些都是在导入时创建的,所以它们是用原始的默认空白字符定义的,其中包括'\n'。在

我可能应该在setDefaultWhitespaceChars中完成此操作,但您也可以自己清理。在调用setDefaultWhitespaceChars之后,在pyparsing中重新定义这些模块级表达式:

PYP.ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(' \t')
# redefine module-level constants to use new default whitespace chars
PYP.empty = PYP.Empty()
PYP.lineEnd = PYP.LineEnd()
PYP.stringEnd = PYP.StringEnd()

我认为这将有助于恢复嵌入新行的重要性。在

解析器代码中的其他部分:

^{pr2}$

应该是

        self.blankln_termination_parser = PYP.NoMatch() 

您的原作者可能在使用“^”而不是“|”时过于激进。只有在可能会意外解析一个表达式时,才使用“^”,而实际上是解析了一个较长的表达式,该表达式随后出现在备选方案列表中。例如,在:

    self.save_parser        = ( PYP.Optional(PYP.Word(PYP.nums)^'*')('idx') 

一个数字字或一个单独的'*'之间不可能有混淆。Or(或'^'运算符)告诉pyparsing尝试评估所有备选方案,然后选择最长匹配的一个——如果是平局,则选择列表中最左边的备选方案。如果解析'*',则不需要查看它是否也可能匹配一个较长的整数,或者如果解析一个整数,则无需查看它是否也可能作为一个单独的'*'传递。所以把这个改成:

    self.save_parser        = ( PYP.Optional(PYP.Word(PYP.nums)|'*')('idx') 

使用解析操作将字符串替换为“”更简单地使用PYP.Suppress包装编写,或者如果愿意,可以调用返回Suppress(expr)expr.suppress()。再加上“|”优先于“^”,这一点:

    self.comment_grammars    =  PYP.Or([  PYP.pythonStyleComment, 
                                          PYP.cStyleComment ]) 
    self.comment_grammars.ignore(PYP.quotedString) 
    self.comment_grammars.setParseAction(lambda x: '') 

因为:

    self.comment_grammars    =  (PYP.pythonStyleComment | PYP.cStyleComment
                                ).ignore(PYP.quotedString).suppress()

关键字具有内置逻辑,可自动避免歧义,因此或完全没有必要使用它们:

    self.multiln_command  =   PYP.Or([ 
                                    PYP.Keyword(c, caseless=self.case_insensitive) 
                                    for c in self.multiln_commands 
                                ])('multiline_command') 

应该是:

    self.multiln_command  =   PYP.MatchFirst([
                                    PYP.Keyword(c, caseless=self.case_insensitive) 
                                    for c in self.multiln_commands 
                                ])('multiline_command')

(在下一个版本中,我将松开这些初始值设定项以接受生成器表达式,这样[]就不需要了。)

我现在只能看到这些。希望这有帮助。在

我修好了!在

Pyparsing没有错!在

我是。☹ 在

通过将解析代码分离到另一个对象中,我创建了问题。最初,一种用于根据第二个属性的内容“更新自身”的属性。因为这一切过去都包含在一个“神类”中,所以效果很好。在

通过简单地将代码分离到另一个对象中,第一个属性在实例化时被设置,但是如果它所依赖的第二个属性发生变化,它就不再“自我更新”。在


细节

属性multiln_command(不要与multiln_commands-aargh,多么令人困惑的命名!)是pyparsing语法定义。如果multiln_command发生了变化,multiln_command属性应该已经更新了它的语法。在

虽然我知道这两个属性的名称相似,但用途却截然不同,但这种相似性无疑使追踪问题变得更加困难。{{cd6}必须重命名。

但是!☺在

我很感激@Paul McGuire给出的令人敬畏的答案,我希望这能为我(和其他人)在未来省下一些悲伤。虽然我觉得有点愚蠢,因为我导致了这个问题(并把它误认为是pyparsing问题),但我很高兴(以保罗的建议的形式)提出了这个问题。在


祝大家解析愉快。:)

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