Python:如何使用plotly制作着色区域或交替背景色?

2024-05-01 21:55:25 发布

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仅使用plot.ly中的这几行代码,您就可以在jupyter笔记本中看到下面的图:

片段1:

import plotly
import cufflinks as cf
from plotly.offline import download_plotlyjs, init_notebook_mode, plot, iplot
init_notebook_mode(connected=True)

iplot(cf.datagen.lines().iplot(asFigure=True,
                               kind='scatter',xTitle='Dates',yTitle='Returns',title='Returns'))

地块1:

enter image description here

如何设置它,以便在下面的绘图中可以使用交替的bakcground颜色,就像在this post中使用matplotlib显示的一样?在

Here's a link说明如何添加阴影区域,如下所示:

片段2:

^{pr2}$

地块2:

{a6}

谢谢你的建议!在


Tags: 代码importtrueplotinitmodely笔记本
1条回答
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1楼 · 发布于 2024-05-01 21:55:25

正如问题中所建议的,一个可能的解决方案可能存在于vspan函数中。然而,使用hspan为y轴添加多个阴影区域似乎比使用vspan和x轴更容易。后者需要更多的调整。更多细节可以在我建议的解决方案后找到。在


下面的图由下面的代码片段和函数multiShades生成:

绘图:

enter image description here

片段:

### Setup from the question ###

import plotly
import cufflinks as cf
from plotly.offline import download_plotlyjs, init_notebook_mode, plot, iplot
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from IPython.display import HTML
from IPython.core.display import display, HTML
import copy

# setup
init_notebook_mode(connected=True)
np.random.seed(123)
cf.set_config_file(theme='pearl')

# Random data using cufflinks
df = cf.datagen.lines()

fig = df.iplot(asFigure=True, kind='scatter',
               xTitle='Dates',yTitle='Returns',title='Returns',
               vspan={'x0':'2015-01-11','x1':'2015-02-22','color':'rgba(30,30,30,0.3)','fill':True,'opacity':.4})

### ANSWER ###

xStart = ['2015-01-11', '2015-02-08', '2015-03-08', '2015-04-05']
xStop = ['2015-01-25', '2015-02-22', '2015-03-22', '2015-04-10']

def multiShades(plot, x0, x1):
    """ Adds shaded areas for specified dates in a plotly plot.
        The lines of the areas are set to transparent using rgba(0,0,0,0)
    """
    # get start and end dates
    x0 = xStart
    x1 = xStop

    # get dict from tuple made by vspan()
    xElem = fig['layout']['shapes'][0]

    # container (list) for dicts / shapes
    shp_lst=[]

    # make dicts according to x0 and X1
    # and edit elements of those dicts
    for i in range(0,len(x0)):
        shp_lst.append(copy.deepcopy(xElem))
        shp_lst[i]['x0'] = x0[i]
        shp_lst[i]['x1'] = x1[i]
        shp_lst[i]['line']['color'] = 'rgba(0,0,0,0)'

    # replace shape in fig with multiple new shapes
    fig['layout']['shapes']= tuple(shp_lst)
    return(fig)

fig = multiShades(plot=fig, x0=xStart, x1=xStop)

iplot(fig)

一些细节:

函数vspan'用以下形式的字典填充元组fig['layout']['shapes']

^{pr2}$

我的函数只需获取字典,生成若干副本,根据函数参数编辑这些副本,然后用函数中的新元组替换原始元组。在

挑战:

当添加更多形状时,这种方法可能会有点棘手。此外,日期必须是硬编码的-至少在有人找到How to retrieve values for major ticks and gridlines?的答案之前

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