Boto EC2：创建一个带有标记的实例

Question

在创建实例时，是否可以使用boto python API指定标记？我试图避免创建一个实例，获取它，然后添加标记。当我执行以下命令时，将实例预先配置为具有某些标记或指定标记会容易得多：

ec2server.create_instance(
        ec2_conn, ami_name, security_group, instance_type_name, key_pair_name, user_data
    )

Answer 1

You can tag instance or volume on creation

来自run_instances docs：

You can tag instances and EBS volumes during launch, after launch, or both. For more information, see CreateTags and Tagging Your Amazon EC2 Resources.

Using TagsAWS doc包含一个表，其中包含支持标记和创建时支持标记的资源（从2017年5月1日起，实例和EBS卷都支持）

下面是在Python中创建时标记实例的代码片段（其他SDK引用在this page中列出）：

from pkg_resources import parse_version
import boto3
assert parse_version(boto3.__version__) >= parse_version('1.4.4'), \
    "Older version of boto3 installed {} which doesn't support instance tagging on creation. Update with command 'pip install -U boto3>=1.4.4'".format(boto3.__version__)
import botocore
assert parse_version(botocore.__version__) >= parse_version('1.5.63'), \
   "Older version of botocore installed {} which doesn't support instance tagging on creation. Update with command 'pip install -U botocore>=1.5.63'".format(botocore.__version__)
ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')
tag_purpose_test = {"Key": "Purpose", "Value": "Test"}
instance = ec2.create_instances(
    ImageId=EC2_IMAGE_ID,
    MinCount=1,
    MaxCount=1,
    InstanceType=EC2_INSTANCE_TYPE,
    KeyName=EC2_KEY_NAME,
    SecurityGroupIds=[EC2_DEFAULT_SEC_GROUP],
    SubnetId=EC2_SUBNET_ID,
    TagSpecifications=[{'ResourceType': 'instance',
                        'Tags': [tag_purpose_test]}])[0]

我用过

Python 2.7.13
boto3 (1.4.4)
botocore (1.5.63)

Answer 2

在创建实例之前，无法创建标记。尽管这个函数被称为create_instance，但它真正做的是保留和实例。然后，该实例可以启动，也可以不启动。（通常是，但有时…）

因此，在启动标记之前，不能添加该标记。如果没有投票就无法判断它是否已经启动。就像这样：

reservation = conn.run_instances( ... )

# NOTE: this isn't ideal, and assumes you're reserving one instance. Use a for loop, ideally.
instance = reservation.instances[0]

# Check up on its status every so often
status = instance.update()
while status == 'pending':
    time.sleep(10)
    status = instance.update()

if status == 'running':
    instance.add_tag("Name","{{INSERT NAME}}")
else:
    print('Instance status: ' + status)
    return None

# Now that the status is running, it's not yet launched. The only way to tell if it's fully up is to try to SSH in.
if status == "running":
    retry = True
    while retry:
        try:
            # SSH into the box here. I personally use fabric
            retry = False
        except:
            time.sleep(10)

# If we've reached this point, the instance is up and running, and we can SSH and do as we will with it. Or, there never was an instance to begin with.

Answer 3

使用boto 2.9.6，我可以在从run_实例得到响应后立即向实例添加标记。像这样的东西不用睡觉就可以工作：

reservation = my_connection.run_instances(...)
for instance in reservation.instances:
    instance.add_tag('Name', <whatever>)

成功添加标记后，我验证了实例仍处于挂起状态。将这个逻辑封装在一个类似于原始post所请求的函数中是很容易的。