pythonp中的标签范围和颜色

Question

在下面，我尝试用颜色和标签来绘制每个j的点。我得到的是不同的颜色和图例中每对夫妇（I，j）有一个标签：

import itertools
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

color_list = ["blue", "brown", "red", "black"]
g = itertools.cycle(color_list)

primes = (139,149,151,157,163,167)
for j in range(50, 300, 10):
    col = next(g)
    for k in (primes):
        for l in range(10000, 20000, 500):
            start = time.time()
            generator(j, k, l)
            end = time.time()
            plt.plot(l, end - start, linewidth = 2, marker='o', color=col)

编辑：用我的原始问题更新了代码，因为我无法确定Ernest+Arya的解决方案在这种情况下是否可行。在

Answer 1

可以使用sin或cos函数来控制颜色选择，并添加一个变量，该变量仅在j更改时更改，以控制是否打印新标签

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import math

last_j = -1
z = 5
for j in range (0, z):
    color = ((math.sin(j)+1)/2,(math.cos(j+1)+1)/2,(math.cos(j)+1)/2)
    for i in range (0, 10, 2):
        if j == last_j:
            plt.plot(i + 0.5, j + 0.5, c=color, linewidth = 2, marker='o')
        else:
            plt.plot(i + 0.5, j + 0.5, c=color, linewidth = 2, marker='o', 
                label='$n = {j}$'.format(j=j))
        last_j = j

ax = plt.gca()
legend = ax.legend(loc = 'center right', shadow=True)

plt.show()

Answer 2

对i的第二个循环不是很有用吗？在

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

for j in range (0, 2):
    x = np.arange(0,9,2)
    y = np.ones_like(x)*j + 0.5
    plt.plot(x,y, marker='o', label='$n = {j}$'.format(j=j))

plt.legend()    
plt.show()

更新问题的解决方案：

^{pr2}$

第二次更新的解决方案；想法总是相同的：根据您想要的不同颜色/图例项，使用尽可能多的调用plt.plot()。在

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import time

def generator(j,k,l):
    #some operation that takes a little time
    a = np.random.rand(k % 7, l-1000, j%13 )
    return a

color_list = ["blue", "brown", "red", "black"]

primes = (139,149,151,157,163,167)
for j in range(50, 300, 25):
    x = []; y = []
    for k in (primes):
        for l in range(10000, 20000, 1000):
            start = time.time()
            generator(j, k, l)
            end = time.time()
            x.append(l); y.append(end - start)
    plt.plot(x,y, ls="", marker='o', label='$n = {j}$'.format(j=j))

plt.legend()
plt.show()

Answer 3

您可以使用matplotlibcycler。设置要迭代的颜色列表，然后在j-循环中，使用my_cycle.next()获取颜色。然后将该颜色传递到plt.plot的调用中。在